On-board Electrical System Laboratory

2019年，不同的运输方式（公路、航空、航运）造成了欧盟28.5%的温室气体排放。为了使未来的移动性变得更加可持续，汽车电气化是一种趋势，这将从根本上改变其电气系统，并需要通过储能集成进行系统调整。车辆电气系统实验室将推动未来电力电子主导的车辆电气系统的发展，并对新的建筑概念进行实验测试。研究将侧重于飞机、船舶和卫星的低压电力系统。作为一个动力-硬件-在环系统，机载电源实验室将能够实时运行，逼真地再现使命剖面和乘客行为的时间历史，绘制故障和故障图，从而足够准确地模拟机载网络，以评估效率、可靠性和安全性。特殊的线性功率放大器可用于仿真频率和时间可变的车载电力系统阻抗，从而研究如何在大量开关操作期间确保所需的电压质量。车辆电气系统实验室可用于研究新的飞机车辆电气系统架构，研究问题如下：1）如何在未来的飞机直流电气系统中实现系统级的功耗优化控制？2)一个可变电压电气系统如何在低空飞行阶段（如起飞和爬升）提供更高的功率，同时仍然满足电气部件的绝缘强度，这取决于空气压力（帕邢定律）？考虑到帕邢定律的设计是航空领域的一个特点。航运业占全球二氧化碳排放量的3%。为了实现到2030年减排40%的目标，新能源将被整合到船舶中。例如，今后，游轮将在舱外安装光电设备，并在每个船舱安装燃料电池和蓄电池。这将导致新的结构，可能包括引入直流电网和使用双向转换器。船上电力系统实验室将考虑船舶运行阶段，乘客行为和对酒店负载的影响，以回答研究问题：1）如何在考虑不同接地和保护概念的同时，使用许多公共部件（以模块化电力系统）稳定运行船舶中的网状直流电网？2)如何控制船舶直流电网中的能耗优化能源和功率管理，以及哪些概念（例如，有或没有通信网络的集中式、分散式控制）最适合哪些船舶类型？

The different modes of transport (road, air, shipping) caused 28.5 % of the EU's greenhouse gas emissions in 2019. For mobility to become more sustainable in the future, there is a trend towards the electrification of vehicles, which will fundamentally change their electrical systems and require system adaptations due to energy storage integration. The vehicle electrical system laboratory will drive the development of future power electronics-dominated vehicle electrical systems and experimentally test new architectural concepts. Research will focus on aircraft, ship and satellite electrical systems in the low-voltage range. As a power-hardware-in-the-loop system, the on-board power supply laboratory will be capable of real-time operation, realistically reproducing time histories of mission profiles and passenger behavior, mapping malfunctions and faults, and thus emulating on-board networks sufficiently accurately to evaluate efficiency, reliability and safety. Special linear power amplifiers can be used to emulate the frequency- and time-variable on-board power system impedance and thus investigate how the required voltage quality is ensured during a large number of switching operations. The vehicle electrical system laboratory can be used to research new vehicle electrical system architectures for aircraft with the following research questions: 1) How can consumption-optimized control at the system level be implemented in future aircraft with DC electrical systems? 2) How can a variable voltage electrical system provide higher power in low altitude flight phases (such as takeoff and climb) and still meet the insulation strength, which is dependent on the air pressure (Paschen's law), of the electrical components? A design that takes into account Paschen's law is a special feature in aviation. Shipping is responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions. In order to achieve the targeted emission reductions of 40% by 2030, new energy sources are to be integrated into the ship. In the future, for example, cruise ships will be equipped with photovoltaics on outside cabins and fuel cells and batteries per ship section. This will result in new structures that may include the introduction of a DC grid and the use of bidirectional converters. The on-board power system laboratory will consider ship operation phases, passenger behavior, and impacts on hotel loads to answer the research questions: 1) How can a meshed DC grid in a ship be operated stably using many common parts (to modularize the power system) while considering different grounding and protection concepts? 2) How is a consumption-optimized energy and power management in a ship DC grid controlled and which concepts (e.g. centralized, decentralized control with or without communication network) are optimal for which ship types?