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Research on the cognitive memory functions of the hippocampal and parahippocampal neurous of the primate.

灵长类海马及海马旁神经元认知记忆功能的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
62570052
负责人：
MIYASHITA Yasushi
金额：
$ 0.26万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo School of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Primate temporal lobe plays an indispensable role in the cognitive memory functions. It contains two phylogenetically different structures, the temporal neocortex in the parahippocampal cortex (area TE according to von Bonin ＆ Bailey) and the hippocampus. We has been proposing a hypothesis of the primate visual memory system in which the area TE is considered as the memory storehouse. To test this hypothesis, single-unit activities of the temporal cortical neurons were examined while the monkeys were performing a visual memory task (delayed matching-to-sample task, DMS). We found shape-selective neurons that exhibited sustained activity during the delay period of the DMS task. The activity was highly selective for the pictorial information to be memorized and was independent of the physical attributes such as size, orientation, color or position of the object, suggesting that the delay activity represents the short-term memory of the categorized percept of a picture. Moreover, the selectivity of these delay discharges developed through repeated trials of the DMS task. Computer-generated artificial patterns were used as the stimuli to be memorized. The few patterns for which a neuron was conjointly selective were frequently related to each other through stimulus-stimulus association imposed during the course of training. Thus, the selectivity acquired by these cells is suggested to represent the associative long-term memory of pictures. These observations not only support the proposed hypothesis but also give more concrete, vivid shape to the neural representation of the presumed memory storehouse.

灵长类颞叶在认知记忆功能中起着不可或缺的作用。它包含两个在遗传学上不同的结构，海马旁皮质的颞叶新皮质（根据von Bonin和Bailey的TE区）和海马。我们提出了灵长类视觉记忆系统的一个假说，即TE区是记忆仓库。为了验证这一假设，当猴子执行视觉记忆任务（延迟匹配到样本任务，DMS）时，检查了颞叶皮层神经元的单单位活动。我们发现形状选择性神经元表现出持续的活动在延迟期间的DMS任务。该活动是高度选择性的图片信息的记忆，是独立的物理属性，如大小，方向，颜色或位置的对象，这表明延迟活动代表了短期记忆的分类记忆的图片。此外，这些延迟放电的选择性开发通过DMS任务的重复试验。计算机生成的人工图案被用作记忆的刺激。在训练过程中，一个神经元具有联合选择性的少数模式往往通过刺激-刺激关联相互关联。因此，这些细胞获得的选择性建议代表联想的长期记忆的图片。这些观察结果不仅支持了我们提出的假设，而且还为假定的记忆仓库的神经表征提供了更具体、更生动的形式。