Research on the cognitive memory functions of the hippocampal and parahippocampal neurous of the primate.

灵长类海马及海马旁神经元认知记忆功能的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
62570052
负责人：
MIYASHITA Yasushi
金额：
$ 0.26万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo School of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Primate temporal lobe plays an indispensable role in the cognitive memory functions. It contains two phylogenetically different structures, the temporal neocortex in the parahippocampal cortex (area TE according to von Bonin ＆ Bailey) and the hippocampus. We has been proposing a hypothesis of the primate visual memory system in which the area TE is considered as the memory storehouse. To test this hypothesis, single-unit activities of the temporal cortical neurons were examined while the monkeys were performing a visual memory task (delayed matching-to-sample task, DMS). We found shape-selective neurons that exhibited sustained activity during the delay period of the DMS task. The activity was highly selective for the pictorial information to be memorized and was independent of the physical attributes such as size, orientation, color or position of the object, suggesting that the delay activity represents the short-term memory of the categorized percept of a picture. Moreover, the selectivity of these delay discharges developed through repeated trials of the DMS task. Computer-generated artificial patterns were used as the stimuli to be memorized. The few patterns for which a neuron was conjointly selective were frequently related to each other through stimulus-stimulus association imposed during the course of training. Thus, the selectivity acquired by these cells is suggested to represent the associative long-term memory of pictures. These observations not only support the proposed hypothesis but also give more concrete, vivid shape to the neural representation of the presumed memory storehouse.

灵长类动物临时叶在认知记忆函数中起着必不可少的作用。它包含两个系统发育不同的结构，分别是帕拉希帕克宫皮层中的临时新皮层（根据Bonin＆Bailey的TE面积）和海马。我们一直在提出一个主要视觉记忆系统的假设，其中TE被视为内存仓库。为了检验这一假设，我们发现了形状选择性神经元的临时皮质神经元的单单位活性，这些神经元在DMS任务的延迟期间暴露了持续活性。该活动对于要记住的图形信息具有很高的选择性，并且独立于物理属性，例如对象的大小，方向，颜色或位置，这表明延迟活动代表了对图片分类的感知的短期记忆。此外，这些延迟放电的选择性通过重复的DMS任务而发展。计算机生成的人造模式用作记忆的刺激。神经元相结合选择性的几种模式经常通过训练过程中施加的刺激刺激性关联相互关联。这就是建议这些单元格获得的选择性代表图片的关联长期记忆。这些观察结果不仅支持提出的假设，而且还为预览存储库的神经元表示提供了更具体，生动的形状。