Development of ionization chamber applying to in-situ measurements of high level tritium.

开发适用于高浓度氚原位测量的电离室。

基本信息

批准号：
62580176
负责人：
MATSUYAMA Masao
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Tritium Research Center, Toyama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To establish techniques for in-situ and real-time measurements of the high level tritium, we examined the applicability of ionization chamber. For this purpose, we fabricated a small ionization chamber whose effective volume was 1.9 cm^3, and examined the performances concerning with the fundamental characteristics such as saturation-current curve, dependences of tritium concentration and total pressure for the ionization current. A small ionization chamber that inner electrode was incorporated into outer electrode made of commercial fittings was ease in attachment to the tritium handling systems, and no leakage from the chamber was observed even the case of loading with about 3 Ci tritium. As a given amount of tritium was introduced into the chamber, a favorable saturation characteristic of ionization current was obtained by applying the potenial over 20 V. In addition, it was shown that the ionization current was quite well proportional to the tritium concentration in the range from 1x10^<-6> to 3x10^<-1> Ci/cm^3 when the total pressure was kept constant at 760 Torr. For the variation of total pressure, on the other hand, the ionization current decreased greately with the pressure even though the amount of tritium in the chamber was same in each run. This bhange was mainly caused by the decrease in the stopping power of lilling gas for -rays. Such pressure dependence of ionization current, however, could be reproduced by taking account of the decrease in energy consumption in gas phase with the pressure change. From these results, it was concluded that the performances of small ionization chamber were acceptable for the requirements on in-situ and real-time measurements of high level tritium in the tritium hadling systems as well as the fuel processing in thermonuclear fusion devices.

为了建立高水平Tritium的原位和实时测量的技术，我们检查了电离室的适用性。为此，我们制造了一个小电离室，其有效体积为1.9 cm^3，并检查了与基本特征（如饱和电流曲线，trium浓度的依赖性和电离电流的总压力）有关的性能。一个小电离室，将内部电极纳入由商用配件制成的外电极中，在附着在trium搬运系统上，甚至没有观察到腔室的泄漏，即使是用约3个CI Tritium的加载的情况。作为给定数量的tri量，将电离电流的有利饱和特征引入到腔室中，通过在20 V上应用能力，获得了电离电流。此外，当电离电流与1x10^<-6> 6>至3x10^至3x10^<-1> ci/cm^3的范围内的tri浓浓度成正比成正比。另一方面，对于总压力的变化，即使每次运行中腔室中的tri量相同，电离电流也会随压力大大降低。这种Bhange主要是由于砂气体的停止功率降低而引起的。但是，通过考虑到压力变化，气体相位的能源消耗减少可以重现电离电流的这种压力依赖性。从这些结果可以得出结论，小电离室的性能是对trium tritium hadling系统中高水平tri的原位和实时测量的要求以及热核融合设备中的燃料加工的。