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Development of ionization chamber applying to in-situ measurements of high level tritium.

开发适用于高浓度氚原位测量的电离室。

基本信息

批准号：
62580176
负责人：
MATSUYAMA Masao
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Tritium Research Center, Toyama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To establish techniques for in-situ and real-time measurements of the high level tritium, we examined the applicability of ionization chamber. For this purpose, we fabricated a small ionization chamber whose effective volume was 1.9 cm^3, and examined the performances concerning with the fundamental characteristics such as saturation-current curve, dependences of tritium concentration and total pressure for the ionization current. A small ionization chamber that inner electrode was incorporated into outer electrode made of commercial fittings was ease in attachment to the tritium handling systems, and no leakage from the chamber was observed even the case of loading with about 3 Ci tritium. As a given amount of tritium was introduced into the chamber, a favorable saturation characteristic of ionization current was obtained by applying the potenial over 20 V. In addition, it was shown that the ionization current was quite well proportional to the tritium concentration in the range from 1x10^<-6> to 3x10^<-1> Ci/cm^3 when the total pressure was kept constant at 760 Torr. For the variation of total pressure, on the other hand, the ionization current decreased greately with the pressure even though the amount of tritium in the chamber was same in each run. This bhange was mainly caused by the decrease in the stopping power of lilling gas for -rays. Such pressure dependence of ionization current, however, could be reproduced by taking account of the decrease in energy consumption in gas phase with the pressure change. From these results, it was concluded that the performances of small ionization chamber were acceptable for the requirements on in-situ and real-time measurements of high level tritium in the tritium hadling systems as well as the fuel processing in thermonuclear fusion devices.

To establish techniques for in-situ and real-time measurements of the high level tritium, we examined the applicability of ionization chamber.为此，我们制作了有效体积为1.9 cm^3的小型电离室，并检验了电离电流的饱和电流曲线、氚浓度和总压的依赖性等基本特性的性能。内电极与由商业配件制成的外电极结合在一起的小型电离室很容易连接到氚处理系统，并且即使装载约3Ci氚的情况下也没有观察到从室泄漏。当腔室中引入一定量的氚时，通过施加超过20 V的电位，获得了良好的电离电流饱和特性。此外，当总压保持恒定在760 Torr时，电离电流与氚浓度在1x10^-6到3x10^-1 Ci/cm^3范围内具有良好的比例。另一方面，对于总压力的变化，即使每次运行中腔室中的氚量相同，电离电流也会随着压力而大大降低。 This bhange was mainly caused by the decrease in the stopping power of lilling gas for -rays.然而，电离电流的这种压力依赖性可以通过考虑气相能量消耗随压力变化的减少来重现。从这些结果可以看出，小型电离室的性能可以满足氚收集系统中高水平氚的原位实时测量以及热核聚变装置中燃料处理的要求。