Study to devise out a science curriculum which combines excellences of the curriculum around 1950 and those at present.

研究制定科学课程，结合1950年前后和现在课程的优点。

• 批准号: 62580244
• 负责人: HIROKI Masanori
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University of Education
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62580244/
• 关键词: Science Curriculum; Elementary Science; 基本的科学概念; 学習活動; シラバス; 単元構成; 水学習; 系統学習; 基本概念; 認識のプロセス; 直接体験; 活動教材

To start science-teaching from the questions which arise from children's own experiences in their life was emphasized during the decade around 1950. To respect children's life as the first step to teach science was an excellent side of the educational policy in that era. In 1958 Standard Course of Study was revised. Since then school science has respected academic systematization of subject matter, rather than children's daily experiences. To respect systematization of subject matter is an excellent side of the present policy.Our study was started to combine these execellent sides of both policies in the two eras to construct a new elementary science curriculum. 1. The curriculum structure was analyzed and compared between the two earas through investigating each edition of Standard Course of Study. 2. The children's activities referred to were analazed and compared between the two eras through investigating each edition of Standard Course of Study and of texstbooks. 3. Children's activities concerned with "water","light" and "sound" were categolized to construct a new curriculum. 4. Activity-modules to help chidren start from their daily experiencies to get some scientific concepts(Forces, Travel of Actions, Kinds of Matter, Natural Changes of Matter, Natural Changes of Vacant Lots, History of Daily Necessaries from Natural Origin, etc.) were devised out.

在1950年前后的十年里，人们强调从儿童自己生活经验中产生的问题开始科学教学。以尊重儿童的生命为第一步来教授科学是那个时代教育政策的一个优秀方面。1958年，《标准学习课程》修订。从那时起，学校科学就尊重学科的学术系统化，而不是孩子们的日常经验。尊重学科的系统性是现行政策的一个优秀方面，我们的研究就是将这两个时期的政策的优秀方面联合收割机结合起来，构建新的基础科学课程。1.通过对各版《标准课程》的调查，对两个时期的课程结构进行了分析和比较。2.通过对各版《标准教程》和教科书的调查，对两个时代的儿童活动进行了分析和比较。3.将儿童与“水”、“光”、“声”相关的活动整合起来，构建新课程。4.活动模块，帮助孩子们从日常经验出发，获得一些科学概念（力，运动的旅行，物质的种类，物质的自然变化，空地的自然变化，日常生活必需品的自然起源的历史等）。都是设计出来的

项目成果

広木正紀: 京都教育大学紀要. (1989)

Masanori Hiroki：京都教育大学通报（1989）。

Fujita, Tetsuo: "Relationship between the teaching materials in elementary school science and the children's questions about natural phenomena of water." Annual Report of Researches in Science Education, Kyoto University of Education. 19. (1989)

藤田哲夫：“小学​​科学教材与孩子们关于水的自然现象的问题之间的关系。”

HIROKI, Masanori: "Comparison of the curricula for elementary school science directed by the Ministry of Education between 1947 and 1977." Annual Report of Researches in Science Education, Kyoto University of Education. 19. (1989)

HIROKI, Masanori：“1947 年至 1977 年教育部指导的小学科学课程的比较”。

HIROKI, Masanori: "Comparison of the activities on water in elementary school science between the beginning of the Post-War Era and the present time." Annual Report of Researches in Science Education, Kyoto University of Education. 19. (1989)

HIROKI, Masanori：“战后时代初期与现在的小学科学中关于水的活动的比较。”

広木正紀: 京都教育大学理科教育研究年報. 19. (1989)

弘木正德：京都教育大学科学教育研究年度报告19。（1989）