Nanomechanical testing system

纳米压痕能够通过小型化压痕测试确定微观材料特性。结合横向试样移动，还可以检测材料各相的硬度、杨氏模量、摩擦系数、疲劳性能、耐磨性等性能;与拉伸试验、硬度试验等经典试验方法相比，其只能提供关于宏观材料性质的信息。因此，可以建立原子材料结构与作为各个相之间的界面性质的函数的所得宏观材料性质之间的联系。这种耦合及其理解对于多材料系统的开发、表征、处理以及操作行为的预测特别重要。作为Clausthal材料技术中心（CZM）的研究重点，这种多材料系统自然由各种各样的，有时不相容的不同材料的相或层组成。相反，纳米压痕是有针对性地开发具有特定属性的新多材料系统的理想工具。此外，纳米压痕提供了重要的新的见解，精确的现象学的相互作用，在多材料系统的产生和使用。金属、非金属材料和聚合物的材料组将通过传统和增材制造路线来解决。由于设想的温度支持高达600°C，纳米压头技术涵盖了多材料系统的新的广泛应用领域，而且在制造过程本身的许多热过程的测量应用也是可行的。此外，在CZM追求的跨学科研究方法代表了一个独特的特点。来自工程和自然科学的工作组将利用申请的大型研究设施开展部分跨学科项目。特别是，纳米压痕本身领域的新发现可以通过与其他高灵敏度的分析和制备技术的联系来预期，这些技术包括扫描电子显微镜、扫描透射电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射、纳米计算机断层扫描、原子力显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、原子发射分光光度法、物理气相沉积、聚焦离子束分析等，这是在CZM表面分析和功能化工作组的范围内。

Nanoindentation enables the determination of microscopic material properties via miniaturized indentation tests. Coupled with lateral specimen movements, it is thus also possible to detect properties such as hardness, Young's modulus, coefficients of friction, fatigue behavior, wear resistance, etc. for individual phases of a material; in contrast to classical test methods such as tensile testing, hardness testing, etc., which can only provide information about the macroscopic material properties. A link between atomistic material structure and resulting macroscopic material properties as a function of the interfacial properties between individual phases can thus be established. This coupling and its understanding is of particular importance for the development, characterization, processing as well as the prediction of the operational behavior of multi-material systems. As the focus of research at the Clausthal Center of Materials Technology (CZM), such multi-material systems are naturally composed of a wide variety of, sometimes incompatible, phases or layers of different materials. Conversely, nanoindentation is an ideal tool for the targeted development of new multi-material systems with specific property profiles. In addition, nanoindentation provides important new insights into the precise phenomenological interactions in the generation and use of multi-material systems. The material groups of metals, non-metallic materials and polymers will be addressed via conventional and additive manufacturing routes. Due to the envisaged temperature support up to 600°C, the nanoindenter technology covers new extensive application areas for multi-material systems, but also measurement applications with regard to many thermal processes in manufacturing processes themselves are feasible. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary research approach pursued at CZM represents a unique characteristic. Working groups from the engineering and natural sciences will work in partly interdisciplinary projects with the large-scale research facility applied for. In particular, new findings in the field of nanoindentation itself can be expected through the connection with other highly sensitive analysis and preparation techniques such as scanning-electron-microscopy, scanning-transmission-electron-microscopy, electron-backscatter-diffraction, nano-Computer-tomography, atomic-force-microscopy, X-ray-photoelectron-spectroscopy, atomic-emission-spectrophotometry, physical-vapour-deposition, focused-ion-beam-analytics, etc., which are within the reach of the CZM surface analysis and functionalization working group.