Archaeological investigation of Tell Nebi Yunus in Nineveh (Mosul/Iraq)

尼尼微（摩苏尔/伊拉克）特尔内比尤努斯的考古调查

• 批准号: 522465379
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stefan M. Maul
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Vorderasiatische Archäologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/522465379?language=en
• 关键词: Archaeological; investigation; Tell; Nebi; Yunus

After conquering Mosul in the summer of 2014, IS troops blew up the mosque with the tomb of the prophet Jonah on Tell Nebi Yunus. Causing great damage IS treasure hunters dug a dense network of tunnels through the ruins of the last unknown Assyrian royal palace which lay just under the mosque’s foundations. In 2018 the Iraqi government asked the University of Heidelberg for help in assessing the damage and conducting rescue excavations, during which the reliefs and monumental inscriptions discovered in the tunnels would be secured and recovered. In 2019, the Iraqi government granted Heidelberg University a long-term excavation license. Funds from the state of Baden-Württemberg were used to create the infrastructure required for archaeological investigations in a completely destroyed city. This allowed to carry out initial investigations. At this the enormous throne room of the palace was discovered. In the three- year project module applied for here, archeological investigations, especially in the south and the east of the mosque ruins, are to be carried out. The finds and findings from excavations and tunnels should make it possible to obtain an accurate picture of the architecture, building history and furnishings of the throne room wing, which occupied a central position in the royal palace. In this context a very representative room, which lays currently under rubble and a massive concrete ceiling, is to be completely uncovered. It is equipped with orthostats and sculptures of winged bulls and connects the huge throne room with the inner areas of the palace. Moreover it is intended to excavate the east facade of the throne room, which is richly decorated with reliefs and sculptures. Smaller sondages in the vicinity of the throne room wing and at other selected locations are intended to provide a more precise idea of the basic structure of the royal palace and its dimensions. It is likely that the excavations will uncover new inscriptions on wall panels, bricks and other objects and provide important historical insights. The inscriptions are to be deciphered, studied and evaluated. The excavations will provide important insights into the culture and history of the Ancient Near East and will give back a piece of its cultural heritage to the city of Mosul where all ancient Near Eastern monuments have been completely destroyed.

2014年夏天占领摩苏尔后，IS军队炸毁了一座清真寺，那里有先知约拿的坟墓。伊斯兰国寻宝者在最后一座不知名的亚述王宫遗址中挖掘了密集的隧道网络，造成了巨大的破坏，这座宫殿就在清真寺的地基下面。2018年，伊拉克政府请求海德堡大学帮助评估损失并进行救援挖掘，在此期间，在隧道中发现的浮雕和纪念性铭文将得到保护和恢复。2019年，伊拉克政府授予海德堡大学长期挖掘许可证。巴登-符腾堡州的资金被用于在一个完全被摧毁的城市中建造考古调查所需的基础设施。这允许进行初步调查。就在这时，宫殿里巨大的正殿被发现了。在这里申请的三年项目模块中，考古调查，特别是在清真寺遗址的南部和东部，将进行。从挖掘和隧道中获得的发现和发现，应该可以准确地了解占据皇宫中心位置的王座室翼的建筑、建筑历史和陈设。在这种情况下，一个非常有代表性的房间，目前位于瓦砾和巨大的混凝土天花板下，将被完全揭开。它配备了直立器和有翼公牛的雕塑，并将巨大的王座室与宫殿的内部区域连接起来。此外，它打算挖掘东立面的正殿，这是丰富的浮雕和雕塑装饰。在王座室侧翼附近和其他选定位置的较小的sondages旨在提供更精确的皇室宫殿的基本结构及其尺寸的概念。这次发掘很可能会在墙板、砖块和其他物品上发现新的铭文，并提供重要的历史见解。这些铭文需要破译、研究和评估。这次发掘将为了解古代近东的文化和历史提供重要的见解，并将把一部分文化遗产归还给摩苏尔市，那里所有的古代近东古迹都已被彻底摧毁。