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Ecological and Taxonomical Studies of Social Insects in Australia (second project)

澳大利亚社会昆虫的生态和分类学研究（第二个项目）

基本信息

批准号：
01041029
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Tadao
金额：
$ 5.82万
依托单位：
College of Arts & Sciences, the University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01041029/
关键词：
Australia Social insects Wasp Ant Termite Subsocial cockroach Social behavior Karyological survey 09Huge nest aggregation

项目摘要

This research project aims to clarify the nature of social insects (wasps, ants, termites) and subsocial cockroach in Australia by combining ecological and taxonomical survey. The research was carried out in 1989-1990 continued the first project (1986-1988).1. Social behavior of Ropalidia Plebeiana female within a huge nest aggregation was observed under a bridge in Cabbage Tree Creek of New South wales. Each comb was defended by a group of particular females, and intercomb drift of females was not frequent. Nest survival rates and reproductive rates of females were studied.2. Karyological and taxonomical survey of the Myrmecia (Pilosula) group were carried out. Species of the group were found to be karyologically highly differentiated. Significant but subtle morphological divergence has also been observed. It is now clear that the Myrmecia (pilosula) complex includes at least 5 separate, similar species.3. Eight termitophilous ant specied were studied with special reference to the relationship between their nest-site dependence to the termite mounds and their termitariadefence rate against meat ant Irydomyrmex. Many termite colonies cohabiting with the ants of defensive type were vigorous, suggesting that this ant-termite relationship is mutualistic.4. Termite community in the tropical rain forest northeastern Queensland was studied. It is clear that species composition, population density, feeding habits and life type composition in Australian rain forests were quite different from those in the tropical rain forest of Africa, Southeast Asia and America.5. Subsocial cockroaches which feed on rotten wood were investigated with special reference to the familial association, growth of nymphs and population density. Macropanesthia rhinoceros living un underground makes the family groups in spring time. The intimate adult female-offspring relationship may continue for a year.

本研究计划旨在通过生态学和分类学相结合的调查，阐明澳大利亚社会性昆虫（黄蜂、蚂蚁、白蚁）和亚社会性蟑螂的性质。该研究于1989-1990年进行，是第一个项目（1986-1988年）的延续。在新南威尔士州的卷心菜树溪的桥下观察了一个巨大巢群中的灰胸叶蝉（RopalidiaPlebeiana）雌蜂的社会行为。每一个梳子捍卫一组特定的女性，和梳间漂移的女性是不频繁的。研究了雌鸟的巢存活率和繁殖率.本文对桃金娘属（Myrmulae（Pilosula））类群进行了核型和分类学研究。该组的物种被发现是核型高度分化。还观察到了显著但微妙的形态学差异。现在清楚的是，桃金娘（pilosula）复合体包括至少5个独立的，相似的物种。3.本文研究了8种白蚁对蚁丘的巢址依赖性与其对肉蚁的防御率之间的关系。与防御型蚂蚁同居的白蚁群体中，许多白蚁群体的生活力很强，说明这种蚂蚁-白蚁关系是互惠的.对昆士兰州东北部热带雨林中的白蚁群落进行了研究。澳大利亚热带雨林的种类组成、种群密度、食性和生活型组成与非洲、东南亚和美洲热带雨林有很大的不同.本文对以腐木为食的亚社会性蟑螂进行了调查，并着重研究了其家族关系、种群生长和密度。生活在地下的大锥犀在春季形成科群。成年雌性与后代的亲密关系可能会持续一年。