Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Inter-war Germany.

两次世界大战期间德国中小企业的发展。

• 批准号: 63530044
• 负责人: YANAGISAWA Osamu
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63530044/
• 关键词: Small and medium-sized enterprise; Finishing Industry; Germany; Organized capitalism; National Socialism; Weimar Republic; Cattell-Problem; 過当競争; 大恐慌

In the German economic history it was much said about 'Handwerker" and "Mittelstand". But there has been almost no economic analysis of development of the small and medium-sized enterprises in Germany. This research aimed to analyze the development of small and medium-sized capitalistic enterprises and very small handicrafts from the World War I until the time of National Socialism in Germany. In the "finishing" industries (Fertigindustrie) such as metal-working industry, wood-working industry, leather-making industry, building, etc., a large number of small factories and workshops with 10 to 200 workers arisen from small business before and after the World War I. They were important in German economy in this period not only because of the number of enterprises and workers, but also because of their social position in the Weimar Republic. But toward the end of 1920s the economic situation of these small and medium-sized industries was lessened, and the National Socialists were attracting political support of those impoverished small capitalists and handicrafts.

在德国经济史上，关于“手工业者”和“中小型企业”的说法很多。但几乎没有对德国中小企业发展的经济分析。本研究旨在分析德国从第一次世界大战到国家社会主义时期的中小型资本主义企业和小型手工业的发展。在金属加工业等“精加工”工业（Fertigindustrie）中， 木工业、制革业、建筑业等，一战前后由小企业兴起的大量10至200名工人的小工厂和作坊。它们在这一时期德国经济中的重要性不仅在于企业和工人的数量，还在于它们在魏玛共和国的社会地位。但到了 20 年代末，这些中小型工业的经济状况有所改善，国家社会主义者正在吸引这些中小型工业的政治支持。 贫困的小资本家和手工业者。

项目成果

柳澤治: "ドイツにおける競争規制と中小資本の位置" 社会経済史学. 56. (1990)

Osamu Yanagisawa：“德国的竞争性监管和中小型资本的地位”，社会经济史，56。（1990）

柳沢治: 西洋史研究. 新輯第17号. 117-132 (1988)

柳泽修：西方史研究新版第 17. 117-132 (1988)

O. Yanagisawa: "Economic and Social History of small and medium-sized Enterprises in Germany from 1848 to 1933" Iwanami 1989, 434p.

O. Yanagisawa：“1848 年至 1933 年德国中小企业的经济和社会史”Iwanami 1989，434p。

O. Yanagisawa: "The regulation of competition and small and medium-sized industries from the end of 19.century in Germany." The Socio-Economic History, 56-2.

O. Yanagisawa：“德国从 19 世纪末开始对竞争和中小企业的监管。”

柳沢治: "ドイツ中小ブルジョアジーの史的分析" 岩波書店, (1989)

柳泽修：《德国中小资产阶级的历史分析》岩波书店，（1989）