ETHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BODY COLORATION AND PATTERN IN FISHES

黑色素浓集激素（MCH）通过效应细胞膜上的特异性受体作用于色素细胞。倒置鲶鱼是一种奇怪的鱼，通常是倒置着游泳，就像它的名字一样。它的腹侧皮肤含有黑色素细胞，这些黑色素细胞像背侧皮肤一样，由交感神经和内分泌系统控制。一些豆娘鱼，包括鳞颊豆娘鱼和蓝绿色豆娘鱼，所显示的绿色色调是通过在黄色背景上存在蓝色斑点来实现的。蓝色和黄色都是基于非理想类型的多层薄膜干涉现象，发生在那里的特殊虹膜细胞中。主要通过组织学观察视细胞在视网膜的分布，检测侧眼的视力。据推断，鱼看到另一个均匀的绿色实体，如果对象是超过2厘米的距离。许多种类的树在树干的侧面有绿色的垂直条纹。我们主要研究玫瑰花的颜色，可以证明虹膜细胞是玫瑰花着色的主要原因。当从鱼的水平观看时，具有较高反射率的金色色调被破坏。如果下降或上升的角度增加，色调会通过蓝绿色转变为蓝色。这些现象是由于虹膜细胞中反射血小板的特殊排列造成的。在群体中，这个物种的个体通过观察其他物种的群体来形成有序的群体。也就是说，它们似乎是通过识别附近游泳的其他鱼的亮色条纹来保持自己的位置。结论是乐队对他们的学校行为有重要影响。

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) was shown to act on chromatophores through its specific receptor on the membrane of the effector cells. Upside- down catfish is a curious fish, which usually swim upside-down, as its common name signifies. Its ventral skin contains melanophores, which are controlled, like those on dorsal skin, by both sympathetic nervous and endocrine systems. Greenish hue as displayed by some damselfishes, including scalycheek and blue- green damselfishes, is realized by the presence of blue spots against yellowish background. Both blue and yellow are based on multiple layered thin film interference phenomenon of the non-ideal type, occurring in the peculiar iridophores there. Mainly through histological observations on the distribution of visual cells in the retina, the visual acuity of the lateral eye was examined. It was deduced that the fish sees another one as homogeneously green entity, if the object is more than 2 cm apart. Many bitterling species possess green vertical stripes on the lateral part of the trunk. Working mainly on the rose bitterling, we could show that iridophores were primarily responsible for its coloration. When the band is viewed from the level of the fish, golden hue with higher reflectance damonates. If the angle of depression or elevation increases, the tone shifts to blue through blue-green. These phenomena are due to special arrangement of reflecting platelets in the iridophores. In schools, individuals of this species make orderly ranks by seeing others' band. That is, they seem to keep their positions by recognizing the bright-colored stripe of others swimming nearby. The conclusion was that the band is of great importance for their schooling behavior.