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ETHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BODY COLORATION AND PATTERN IN FISHES

鱼类身体颜色和图案的行为学意义

基本信息

批准号：
63540588
负责人：
FUJII Ryozo
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
TOHO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) was shown to act on chromatophores through its specific receptor on the membrane of the effector cells. Upside- down catfish is a curious fish, which usually swim upside-down, as its common name signifies. Its ventral skin contains melanophores, which are controlled, like those on dorsal skin, by both sympathetic nervous and endocrine systems. Greenish hue as displayed by some damselfishes, including scalycheek and blue- green damselfishes, is realized by the presence of blue spots against yellowish background. Both blue and yellow are based on multiple layered thin film interference phenomenon of the non-ideal type, occurring in the peculiar iridophores there. Mainly through histological observations on the distribution of visual cells in the retina, the visual acuity of the lateral eye was examined. It was deduced that the fish sees another one as homogeneously green entity, if the object is more than 2 cm apart. Many bitterling species possess green vertical stripes on the lateral part of the trunk. Working mainly on the rose bitterling, we could show that iridophores were primarily responsible for its coloration. When the band is viewed from the level of the fish, golden hue with higher reflectance damonates. If the angle of depression or elevation increases, the tone shifts to blue through blue-green. These phenomena are due to special arrangement of reflecting platelets in the iridophores. In schools, individuals of this species make orderly ranks by seeing others' band. That is, they seem to keep their positions by recognizing the bright-colored stripe of others swimming nearby. The conclusion was that the band is of great importance for their schooling behavior.

黑色素浓缩激素（Melanin-concentrating hormone， MCH）通过其在效应细胞膜上的特异性受体作用于染色质。倒立鲶鱼是一种奇怪的鱼，它通常倒立着游泳，正如它的名字所示。它的腹侧皮肤含有黑色素细胞，像背部皮肤一样，由交感神经系统和内分泌系统控制。一些豆娘鱼，包括鳞豆娘鱼和蓝绿色豆娘鱼所显示的绿色色调，是通过在黄色背景上出现蓝色斑点来实现的。蓝色和黄色都是基于多层薄膜的非理想型干涉现象，发生在特殊的虹膜团中。主要通过对视网膜视觉细胞分布的组织学观察，检查侧眼的视力。据推断，如果物体之间的距离超过2厘米，鱼会将另一个物体视为均匀的绿色实体。许多苦涩的物种在树干的侧面有绿色的垂直条纹。主要研究玫瑰的苦味，我们可以证明彩虹细胞主要负责它的颜色。当从鱼的高度观察波段时，具有较高反射率的金色色调就会散发出来。如果俯角或仰角增加，色调就会通过蓝绿色转变为蓝色。这些现象是由于虹膜中反射血小板的特殊排列。在鱼群中，这一物种的个体通过观察其他物种的队伍来形成有序的队伍。也就是说，它们似乎通过识别附近游泳的其他动物的鲜艳条纹来保持自己的位置。结论是，乐队对他们的学习行为非常重要。