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ETHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BODY COLORATION AND PATTERN IN FISHES

鱼类身体颜色和图案的行为学意义

基本信息

批准号：
63540588
负责人：
FUJII Ryozo
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
TOHO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) was shown to act on chromatophores through its specific receptor on the membrane of the effector cells. Upside- down catfish is a curious fish, which usually swim upside-down, as its common name signifies. Its ventral skin contains melanophores, which are controlled, like those on dorsal skin, by both sympathetic nervous and endocrine systems. Greenish hue as displayed by some damselfishes, including scalycheek and blue- green damselfishes, is realized by the presence of blue spots against yellowish background. Both blue and yellow are based on multiple layered thin film interference phenomenon of the non-ideal type, occurring in the peculiar iridophores there. Mainly through histological observations on the distribution of visual cells in the retina, the visual acuity of the lateral eye was examined. It was deduced that the fish sees another one as homogeneously green entity, if the object is more than 2 cm apart. Many bitterling species possess green vertical stripes on the lateral part of the trunk. Working mainly on the rose bitterling, we could show that iridophores were primarily responsible for its coloration. When the band is viewed from the level of the fish, golden hue with higher reflectance damonates. If the angle of depression or elevation increases, the tone shifts to blue through blue-green. These phenomena are due to special arrangement of reflecting platelets in the iridophores. In schools, individuals of this species make orderly ranks by seeing others' band. That is, they seem to keep their positions by recognizing the bright-colored stripe of others swimming nearby. The conclusion was that the band is of great importance for their schooling behavior.

黑色素浓缩激素 (MCH) 通过效应细胞膜上的特定受体作用于色素细胞。倒立鲶鱼是一种奇怪的鱼，正如它的俗名所示，它们通常是倒立游动的。它的腹侧皮肤含有黑素细胞，与背侧皮肤上的黑素细胞一样，它们受到交感神经和内分泌系统的控制。一些雀鲷（包括鳞颊雀鲷和蓝绿色雀鲷）所显示的绿色色调是通过淡黄色背景上存在蓝色斑点来实现的。蓝色和黄色都是基于非理想类型的多层薄膜干涉现象，发生在那里的特殊虹彩细胞中。主要通过组织学观察视网膜视细胞的分布来检查侧眼的视力。据推断，如果另一个物体相距超过 2 厘米，鱼会将另一个物体视为均匀的绿色实体。许多苦味品种的树干侧面有绿色的垂直条纹。主要研究玫瑰苦味，我们可以证明虹彩细胞是其颜色的主要原因。当从鱼的高度观察该带时，具有较高反射率的金色色调显得尤为突出。如果俯角或仰角增加，色调会从蓝色变为蓝绿色。这些现象是由于虹彩细胞中反射血小板的特殊排列造成的。在学校里，这个物种的个体通过观察其他人的队伍来排列有序的队伍。也就是说，它们似乎通过识别附近其他游泳者的鲜艳条纹来保持自己的位置。结论是乐队对于他们的学校教育行为非常重要。