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The development of new cropping type in cut flower production in bulbous plants -- Retarding of the flowering time by long-term storage of bulbs in tulips, narcissus and Asiatic lilies

球根植物切花生产新种植方式的开发——通过长期储存郁金香、水仙和亚洲百合球茎来推迟开花时间

基本信息

批准号：
63560036
负责人：
IMANISHI Hideo
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
University of Osaka Prefecture
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study was conducted to establish new cropping system for autumn flowering in tulips, tazetta narcissus and Asiatic lilies. In tulips, bulbs were rooted at 15ﾟC for 3 weeks after planting in September or October and cooled at 1ﾟC for 2 weeks. Thereafter they were frozen-in and held at -2ﾟC for more than 10 months. When the bulbs were transferred from -2 ﾟC to a greenhouse in the next autumn, they produced flowers with a fairy high quality at high percentages. Longer flower stems were obtained at growing temperature of 15ﾟC. On the other hand, freezing storage of bulbs at -2ﾟC under a dry condition usually resulted in lower flowering percentage and flowers with a poor quality. Moreover, proper cultivars should be selected for this freezing-in technique because some cultivars did not show any good results.In Narcissus tazetta var chinensis, retardation of flowering was accomplished by storing bulbs at 5-10ﾟC for up to 10 months beginning in early July, before initiation of flower buds. After the cold storage under dry conditions, bulbs should be kept at optimum temperatures for initiation and development of flower buds and grown at temperatures below 25 ﾟC.In Asiatic lilies, high flowering percentages and a high flower quality were obtained irrespective of different flower bud initiation time in different cultivars used, when bulbs were packed in a moist sawdust just after arrival, precooled at 1ﾟC for 4-8 weeks and thereafter frozen in at -2 or -4ﾟC. Later sprouting was observed in bulbs stored at -4ﾟC and as a result, flowering time was remarkably delayed in late September planting. Planting in hot summer resulted in a marked lowering of flowering percentages and a flower quality.

本研究旨在建立郁金香、水仙和亚洲百合秋季开花的新种植制度。郁金香的鳞茎在9月或10月种植后，在15ﾟC下生根3周，然后在1ﾟC下冷却2周。此后，它们被冷冻并保存在-2\f25ﾟC-2\f6 10个月以上。当球茎在第二年秋天从-2ﾟC转移到温室时，它们以高比例生产出高质量的花朵。生长温度为15ﾟC时可获得较长的花茎，而鳞茎在-2ﾟC的干燥条件下冷冻贮藏通常会导致开花率较低，花朵质量较差。此外，由于有些品种效果不佳，应选择合适的品种进行冷冻。在中国水仙，从7月初开始，在花芽萌发之前，将鳞茎在5-10ﾟC下保存10个月，可达到延缓开花的目的。在干燥条件下冷藏后，鳞茎应保持最适的花蕾发生和发育温度，并在25ﾟC以下生长。在亚洲百合中，不同品种的鳞茎在到达后立即包装在潮湿的锯末中，在1ﾟC预冷4-8周，然后在-2或-4ﾟC冷冻，均可获得高开花率和高花质。结果表明，在9月下旬种植时，鳞茎在-4ﾟC下贮藏，开花时间明显延迟。在炎热的夏季种植，显著降低了开花率和花的品质。