DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES USING RADIOLABELED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

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Anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies(MoAbs) are expected to carry radionuclides selectively to target tissues and to offer antigen-specific diagnosis. Indium-111 or Iodine-131 labeled MoAbs are clinically useful for the diagnosis of tumors in patients with malignant melanoma or colorectal cancer, acute myocardial infarction and vascular thrombosis using other corresponding MoAbs. The results of colorectal cancer using In-111 labeled ZCE-025 was encouraging, since it detected small tumors, tumors missed by CT and tumors in patients with normal serum CEA values. In whole series, acute or subacute toxicity was not observed. Use of human/mouse chimeric MoAbs or F(ab')_2, Fab fragments remarkably reduced the generation of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA). However, nonspecific uptake in liver and bone marrows limits the use of labeled MoAbs in the diagnosis and therapy. Techniques for labeling MoAbs with In-111 through the chelation with DTPA have allowed the chelating of various radionuciides useful for the radioimmunotherapy of cancer.