Research on instructional strategies in overseas software packages, and its application to Japanese education.

本研究的第一个目的是探讨国外软件包教学策略的理念。第二是开发一种新的原创仿真型软件包，其中包含了所研究的有吸引力的思想。第三是在日本初中和大专院校使用和评价原包。(1)对23个美国仿真型软件包进行了评价，以便对软件包所包含的思想进行抽象。抽象分类为教学方法、模拟变量、激励学生的策略、提示、图文输出到显示屏的方法等。因此，抽象出一个共同的思路（将Tutorial、Drill and Practice、Inquiry等教学模式整合到每个吸引人的美式仿真类软件包中）。(2)作者开发并实现了一个包含了共同思想的日本原创仿真型软件包。包装由五个单元组成；一个模拟单元、一个辅导单元、一个实践控制单元、一个知识库单元和一个错误诊断单元。(3)日本部分初中和大专院校使用并评价了该原始日语包。在学习了机器/汇编语言编程课程后，使用模型模型（已经开发出来）和原始日语包（包含所需的模拟器单元和两个选择单元，教程单元和实践控制单元）的学习者获得了高分。结果证实，这些多重学习单元在计算机编程课程的各个方面都显著改善了以学习者为中心的学习环境。

The first aim of this study is to investigate the ideas of instructional strategies in overseas software packages. The second is to develop a new original simulation type software package which contains the attractive ideas investigated. The third is to use and to evaluate the original package in Japanese junior high schools and post-high school institutions.(1) 23 U.S. simulation type software packages were evaluated in order to abstract the ideas the packages contain. The abstraction categories were teaching methods, variables for simulation, strategies for motivating students, prompting, output methods of images and texts to the display screen, etc.. As a result, a common idea (the integration of some teaching modes, such as Tutorial, Drill and Practice, and Inquiry in each attractive U.S. simulation type software package) was abstracted.(2) An original Japanese simulation type software package, which contained the common idea, was developed and implemented by this author. The package consisted of five units; a simulation unit, a tutoring unit, a practice control unit, an knowledge base unit, and an error diagnosis unit.(3) This original Japanese package was used and evaluated in some Japanese junior high schools and post-high school institutions. After taking machine/assembly language programming lessons, learners who used the mockup model (which had already been developed), and the original Japanese package which contained the required simulator unit and two selective units, the tutorial unit, and the practice control unit achieved high scores. The result verified that these multiple learning units significantly improved the learner-centered learning environment in every aspect of computer programming lessons.