Practical Aspect of Application of Upflow Anaerobic Felter Process to Waste-Water Treatment

从实际应用的角度出发，对上流式厌氧滤池工艺在污水处理中的可行性进行了试验研究。首次将其应用于高校食堂废水的处理。实验结果表明，在低至20^ C的温度下，废水得到了有效的降解，甲烷气的产生效率显著。然而，脂质部分的降解遇到了困难。在单相过滤系统中，脂质在过滤器内积累而不被降解。采用悬浮生长型产酸反应器的两相体系解决了由于脂类抑制作用引起的产酸问题，并将脂类转化为甲烷。结果表明，两相体系在废水中脂质的降解方面具有优势。利用合成底物对脂质抑制进行了详细的研究。中性脂肪的水解速度较快，而长链脂肪酸的降解速度较慢。三油酸在中性脂肪中表现出相对容易的降解性。通过平行运行4或6个过滤器，对厌氧过滤器内固体和生物质的积累进行了研究。产甲烷后固形物量也未达到稳态，COD去除率呈现明显的稳态状态。底部培养基的生物量高于顶部培养基，但前者的产甲烷活性低于后者。生长产量系数的估算考虑了滤池中生物量的增加，这在以往的研究中往往被忽略。对厌氧过滤过程中出现的硫酸盐还原问题与产甲烷的竞争进行了研究。结果表明，添加葡萄糖时硫酸盐还原反应活跃，添加乙酸时硫酸盐还原反应不活跃。这表明引入两相体系可以降低硫酸盐还原反应的可能性。综上所述，从实际应用的角度来看，上流式厌氧过滤工艺具有广阔的应用前景，其在实际废水中的应用有待加强。少

Experimental research was conducted to examine the feasibility of application of upflow anaerobic filter process to waste-water treatment from practical point of view.Its application to treatment of university cafeteria waste-water was first carried out. The experimental results show that the waste-water was degraded and methane gas was produced in significant efficiency at temperature as low as 20^ﾟC. However, difficulty in the degradation of lipid fraction was encountered. Lipid was accumulated within the filter without being degraded in single phase filter system. Application of two phase system by using a suspended-growth type acidogenic reactor solved this problem, which is caused by inhibitory effect of lipid, and lipid was converted to methane in this system. This results shows the advantage of two phase system in the degradation of lipid in waste-water. Detailed research was conducted on inhibition by lipid using synthetic substrate. It was found that hydrolysis of neutral fat … More was rapid whereas degradation of long-chain fatty acid was slow step. Triolein showed relatively easy degradability among the neutral fat examined.Accumulation of solid and biomass within the anaerobic filter was examined by conducting research by operating 4 or 6 filters in parallel. Amount of solid did not reach steady state even after methane production and COD removal showed apparently steady state condition. More amount of biomass was attached on the media in bottom part than that in top part, but the methanogenic activity of the former was lower than the latter. Growth yield coefficient was estimated by taking into consideration of biomass increase in the filter, which was often neglected in the previous studies.Competition between sulfate reduction, which causes trouble in anaerobic filter Process, and methane production was studied. It was found that sulfate reduction was active when glucose was fed, while it was not active when acetate was fed. This result suggests the possibility of reducing the sulfate reduction by introducing the two phase system.In summary, this research exhibits that the upflow anaerobic filter process is very promising from the practical viewpoint, and its application to actual waste-water should be enhanced. Less