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Analysis of thermal environment in building, district, urban and regional scale and its application to Asian Megacities

建筑、地区、城市和区域尺度的热环境分析及其在亚洲特大城市的应用

基本信息

批准号：
15206060
负责人：
HANAKI Keisuke
金额：
$ 27.46万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Field survey and simulation with various scales were conducted for thermal environment of Asian mega cities, and mitigation options were discussed.Building information was obtained by analysis of photographs with a fish-eye lens in field survey in Chongqing, China for calculation of thermal environmental index. This method is useful in the region where geographic information is limited. Heat environment was surveyed in Cheong-gye stream, Seoul City, which is well known as restored stream in urban area. Improvement of thermal environment was observed by this restoration work. Individual difference in thermal comfort was analyzed.Influence of atmosphere on remote sensing data was corrected to obtain surface temperature.Thermal environment of Chongqing was analyzed with applying RAMS with input of land use data from remote sensing and anthropogenic heat discharge based on energy statistics. By comparing with observed meteorological data, it was verified that built-in of a canopy model into RAMS improved the simulation results in Chongqing. Effect of future development of Chongqing with doubled population and doubled urban area was estimated by the proposed model. Temperature increase in newly developed area and existing urban area will be about 5 degree and 1 degree, respectively. Area of temperature higher than 40 degree during daytime and higher than 30 degree during nighttime will be expanded by 2.4 times and 3.7 times, respectively. Various mitigation options were predicted by this simulation.District scale simulation was conducted for Taipei. Simulation considering change of heat rejection from air-conditioner with various time showed that temperature increase due to this heat rejection is up to 1.8 degree near the building. Effect of introduction of cooling tower to improve heat environment in night time and application of water mist spray and water film on the wall with photo catalyst were evaluated.

对亚洲大城市的热环境进行了不同尺度的实地调查和模拟，并讨论了缓解方案。通过对中国重庆实地调查的鱼眼镜头照片进行分析，获取建筑信息，用于计算热环境指数。该方法在地理信息有限的地区很有用。对首尔市清溪川的热环境进行了调查，清溪川是众所周知的市区修复溪流。通过这次修复工作，热环境得到改善。分析热舒适度的个体差异，校正大气对遥感数据的影响，得到地表温度。输入遥感土地利用数据和基于能源统计的人为排热数据，应用RAMS对重庆市热环境进行分析。通过与观测气象资料的比较，验证了RAMS内置冠层模型改善了重庆地区的模拟结果。利用该模型估算了人口倍增和城市面积倍增对重庆未来发展的影响。新开发区和现有城区气温分别上升5度和1度左右。白天高于40度、夜间高于30度的区域将分别扩大2.4倍和3.7倍。该模拟预测了各种缓解方案。针对台北进行了地区规模模拟。考虑空调排热随时间变化的模拟表明，由于排热而导致建筑物附近的温度升高高达 1.8 度。评价了引入冷却塔改善夜间热环境以及水雾喷洒和光触媒水膜在墙壁上的应用效果。