Applied Studies on Lytic Enzyme-Producing Microorganisms

与那些能够在20-25摄氏度裂解细胞的微生物相比，能够在5摄氏度裂解细菌细胞的微生物在海洋环境中并不常见。在分离的33株产裂解酶细菌中，芽孢杆菌属（81.8%）是最优势的细菌属。弧菌属和弧菌属占分离的溶菌的18.2%。芽孢杆菌T301、T303和E33的最适产酶温度为13-17 ℃。菌株T301、T303和E33的最适裂解温度为30-40 ℃。溶菌微生物5号菌株是从红树林沼泽中分离得到的。菌株5在含0.5%多蛋白胨和0.3%维司特提取物的90%海水培养基中30 ℃好氧生长时，能产生真菌裂解酶。菌株5的最适pH值为9左右，最适温度为50-60 ℃。0.05-0.20 M无机盐如NaCl、KCl、MgCl_2、CaCl_2，_2和0.1 mM蛋白酶抑制剂如亮抑酶肽、apain、phosphoramidon和E64可抑制裂解活性。5号菌株的酶与几丁质降解菌F190的酶联合作用，可使酶的裂解活性提高1.5倍。

Microorganisms capable of lysing the bacterial cells at 5^ﾟC Were infrequent in marine environments, compared to those capable of lysing the cells at 20-25^ﾟC. Out of 33 strains of lytic enzyme-producing bacteria isolated, Bacillus (81.8%) Was the most dominant bacterial genus. seudomonas and Vibrio comprised 18.2% of the bacteriolytic bacteria isolated. The optimum temperature for production of lytic enzyme of the representative strains Bacillus sp. T301,T303 and E33 was around 13-17^ﾟC. The optimum temperature for lytic activity of strains T301, T303 and E33 was around 30-40^ﾟC.Myco-lytic microorganism strain No.5 was isolated from mangrove swamp. Strain No.5 was found to produce myco-lytic enzyme when aerobically grown at 30^ﾟC in 90% seawater medium containing polypepton (0.5%) and vyast extract (0.3%). The optimum PH and temperature for lytic activity of strain No. 5 were around 9 and 50-60^ﾟC, respectively. Lytic activity was completely inactivated at 70^ﾟC and 10 min. Lytic activity was inhibited by 0.05-0.20 M of inorganic salts such as NaC1, KC1, Mgcl_2, Cacl_2,_2, and 0.1 mM of protease inhibitors such as leupeptin, apain, phosphoramidon and E 64.An attempt to increase in myco-lysis using chitin-decomposing bacteria isolated was made. Lytic activity was enhanced about 1.5 times by the combination of strain No.5 enzyme and chitinolytic strain F190 enzyme.