Studies on the Improvement of Flesh Quality and Integumentary Color of Cultured Striped Jack Pseudocaranx dentex

养殖条纹杰克鱼肉质和外皮颜色改善的研究

• 批准号: 01860026
• 负责人: WATANABE Takeshi
• 金额: $ 17.86万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Fisheries
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01860026/
• 关键词: Striped Jack; Flesh Quality; Spirulina; Integumentary Color; Diet; Gamma Linolenic Acid; Carotenoid

Various trials were conducted in order to improve the quality of cultured striped jack, Pseudocaranx dentex, in terms of pigmentation of skin, taste and texture.The results of the first experiment showed that feeding of Spirulina was very effective for this purpose. The supplementation of Spirulina at 10% level depressed the lipid levels of the dorsal muscle, liver and viscera, and improved not only the integumentary color and texture, but also the taste ofventral muscle at 5% significance. The skin color of fish fed diets containing the alga at 5% or 10% became iridescent greenish gray at the back with a characteristic yellow band near the lateral line, whereas those on the control diet without the alga or minced raw sardine exhibited dark gray. The three yellow components - tunaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin - constituted more than 95% of the carotenoids (0.28-1.5 mg/100g tissue) in the dorsal integuments and all of them increased on supplementation of Spirulina. These results were also confirmed using a newly developed soft-dry pellet which high palatability and acceptability to striped jack.In the final experiment Spirulina was separated into the acetone, methanol, water and ethyl ether soluble fractions and polar lipid fraction, whereupon each was fed to fish to identify the effective component in the alga. The results have shown that gamma linolenic acid (GLA) in the methanol soluble or polar lipid fraction was effective for improvement of flesh quality, reducing the lipid content in muscle and liver. Thus, in practice, it is recommended that aquatic diets could be fortified with about 100 mg GLA per 100 dry pellet.

为了提高养殖条纹杰克（Pseudocaranx dentex）的皮肤色素沉着、味道和质地的质量，进行了各种试验。第一个试验的结果表明，饲喂螺旋藻对此目的非常有效。补充10%的螺旋藻可降低背肌、肝脏和内脏的脂质水平，并且不仅改善外皮颜色和质地，而且5%显着改善腹肌的味道。饲喂含有 5% 或 10% 海藻的饲料的鱼的皮肤颜色在背部变成虹彩绿灰色，并在侧线附近出现特征性的黄色带，而那些不含海藻或碎生沙丁鱼的对照饲料则呈现深灰色。三种黄色成分——金黄素、叶黄素和玉米黄质——构成了背珠被中95%以上的类胡萝卜素（0.28-1.5毫克/100克组织），并且这些成分在补充螺旋藻后均有所增加。使用新开发的软干颗粒也证实了这些结果，该颗粒对条纹杰克具有高适口性和可接受性。 在最终实验中，将螺旋藻分离成丙酮、甲醇、水和乙醚可溶性部分和极性脂质部分，然后将每种部分喂给鱼以鉴定藻类中的有效成分。结果表明，甲醇可溶性或极性脂质部分中的γ亚麻酸（GLA）可有效改善肉质，降低肌肉和肝脏中的脂质含量。因此，在实践中，建议在水生饲料中每 100 个干颗粒添加约 100 mg GLA。

项目成果

渡辺武: "スピルリナ添加飼料によるシマアジの飼育試験" 東京水産大学研究報告.

渡边武：“使用添加螺旋藻的饲料进行条纹竹荚鱼的饲养试验”东京水产大学研究报告。

岡田 茂: "Pigmentation of Cultured Striped Jack Reared on Diets Supplemented with the BlueーGreen Alga Spirulina maxima" 日本水産学会誌. (1991)

Shigeru Okada：“添加蓝绿藻极大螺旋藻的养殖条纹杰克的色素沉着”，日本水产科学学会杂志（1991 年）。

SHIGERU OKADA: "Pigmentation of Cultured Striped Jack Reared on Diets Supplemented with the Blue-Green Alga Spirulina maxima" Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi.

冈田茂 (SHIGERU OKADA)：“通过补充蓝绿藻极大螺旋藻的饮食饲养的养殖条纹杰克的色素沉着”Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi。

岡田 茂: "Pigmentation of Cultured Striped Jack Reared on Diets Supplemented with the BlueーGreen Alga <Spirulina>___ー <maxima>___ー" 日本水産学会誌. (1991)

Shigeru Okada：“添加蓝绿藻饲料的养殖条纹杰克的色素沉着 <螺旋藻>___－ <maxima>___” 日本水产学会杂志（1991 年）。

WEN-LIANG LIAO: "Effect of Dietary Spirulina Supplementation on Extractive Nitrogenous Constituens and Sensory Test of Cultured Striped Jack Flesh" J. Tokyo Univ. Fish.Vol. 77, No. 2,. 241-246 (1990)

廖文亮：“膳食螺旋藻补充剂对培养条纹杰克肉提取含氮成分的影响和感官测试”东京大学学报。