An Archaeological study on the Development of Civilization in Syria

从1990年到1992年，我们一直在对鲁吉盆地进行考古研究。这个项目的目的是阐明从早期的农耕村庄到城邦形成的过程。我们继续进行了三项工作，即密集普查、测深测年和恢复古环境的自然科学研究。盆地内的普查工作已基本完成，我们在盆地中发现了33个Tell。各个时期的考古地图显示了盆地的动态聚落模式。在Tell Aray 1，2，Tell Abd el-Aziz和Tell el-Kerkh 2进行了5次探空发掘，建立了盆地从陶器前新石器时代到青铜时代早期的年代学。通过这些探空发掘，我们可以获得许多新的考古证据。地质研究澄清了关于盆地中部古湖的一些新信息。古湖最初形成为S盐湖，后来变成淡水湖。这个淡水湖不断地扩张和收缩。湖面的起伏与考古遗址的兴衰有关。我们还获得了许多人类活动与其环境之间的信息。

We have been executing archaeological researches of the Rouj Basin from 1990 to 1992. The purpose of this project is to shed some light on the process from early farming villages to the formation of city states. We have been continuing three operations, i. e. intensive general survey, soundings for establishing chronology, and natural scientific studies for the reconstruction of the paleo-environment.The general survey within the basin was almost completed, and we found 33 tells in the Basin. The archaeological map in each period indicated the dynamic settlement patterns of the Basin. Five sounding excavations were carried out at Tell Aray 1, 2, Tell Abd el-Aziz and Tell el-Kerkh 2. There sounding excavations established the chronology from pre-pottery Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in the Basin. We could get a lot of new archaeological evidences through these sounding excavations.Geologic study clarified some new information on the ancient lake at the central part of the basin. The ancient lake was formed as s salt lake at first, and after that it turned into a fresh-water lake. This fresh-water lake has expanded and contracted repeatedly. The fluctuation of the lake extent was connected with the rise and fall of archaeological sites. We also got much information between human activities and their environment.