Situation Theoretic Study of the Flow of Information in English and Japanese Discourse

为了建立一个框架，从信息流的角度讨论日语和英语的使用，我们在这一年里致力于信息和信息流的性质以及一般行为和言语行为的结构。信息从两个不同的方面进行分析：信息载体，即传达信息的物理物体，即信息内容，即世界状况。我们认为，前者只是根据前者发生的情况而代表后者。我们将信息流定义为两个不同的信息载体，根据载体发生的环境代表相同的事件状态。信息的存储是信息流的一种特殊情况，其中载体相同或几乎相同。行为从两个方面进行分析：主体的运动和这些运动在世界上产生的影响。后者被描述为“带来它实现它”的形式，即命题态度的形式。前者被分析为时间和空间结构的一组效应器的运动，其中包括一个智能体。运动的含义这一概念将这两个方面联系在一起，这也是分析行动水平的基础。这两套概念将有助于这一项目的目标早日实现。我们希望这一切都能为分析不同语言的信息流动奠定基础，这也是我们这一项目的主要目标。

To set up a framework within which the discussion of the use of Japanese and English i possible in terms of flow of information, we worked in this year on the nature of information and information flow and the structure of action in general and speech acts in particular.Information is analyzed with respect to two different concerns : information carriers, ie physical objects which convey information and information content, ie states of affairs in the world. We take that the former only represents the latter in virtue of the circumstances in which the former occurs. We define the flow of information as two different information carriers representing the same state of affairs in virtue of the circumstances in which the carriers occur. The storage of information is a special case of flow of information in which the carriers are the same, or virtually the same.Action is analyzed in terms of two aspects : the movements of the agent and the effects those movements take in the world. The latter is described in the form of "bring it about that", namely the form of propositional attitudes. The former is analyzed as a temporally and spatially structured set of the movements of the effectors which comprises an agent. The two aspects are bridged by the notion of the meanings of the movements, which also serves as a basis for the analysis of levels of action. The two sets of concepts will facilitate the target of this project soon.We hope all this gives the basis for the analysis of the flow of information in different languages, which is our main aim of this project.