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Psychological studies of symbolic processing and parallel distributed processing

符号处理和并行分布式处理的心理学研究

基本信息

批准号：
02301012
负责人：
NAKATANI kazuo
金额：
$ 8.32万
依托单位：
The University of Tokto
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02301012/
关键词：
sensuous processing problem solving PDP model auto-regression model motion perception glutamic acid retinal bipolar cell GO NO-GO response 情報処理心理学感性 GO NOGO反応

项目摘要

The hypothesis of the project of our research was that human problem solving which tends to be regarded to be executed by symbolic processes are actually executed by parallel distributed processes in our brains. To testify the hypothesis, the project aimed to investigate the difference between the internal representations of symbolic processes and those of parallel distributed processes and to contrast concurrent information processes and successive information processes. The results of the project, composed of four groups ; the mathematical group, the perception group, the cognition group, and the behavior group, are as follows.The mathematical group constructed an auto-regression model for the information processing of motion perception, compared an artificial inference system organized with Prolog and a human inference system, and investigated a genetic algorithm, which is a fundamental model of human information processing.The perception group identified glutamic acid as a chemical transmitter between retinal bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells.The cognition group simulated some abilities of human problem solving by a PDP model which included the intuitive understanding of the rule of free-fall objects and the formulation of a law of physics.The experiment of the behavior group was to analyze the problem solving of macaque monkeys which made GO/NO-GO responses to stimuli with relevant dimensions varied frequently and to investigate the brain units of the monkeys associated with the stimulus-response relations.

我们研究项目的假设是，人类解决问题的过程往往被认为是由符号过程执行的，实际上是由我们大脑中的并行分布式过程执行的。为了证明这一假设，该项目旨在研究符号过程的内部表示与并行分布式过程的内部表示之间的差异，并对比并发信息过程和连续信息过程。项目成果，由四个小组组成;数学组、感知组、认知组和行为组如下：数学组构建了运动感知信息处理的自回归模型，比较了用Prolog组织的人工推理系统和人类推理系统，并研究了遗传算法，该模型是人类信息处理的基本模型，感知组将谷氨酸确定为视网膜双极细胞和视网膜神经节细胞之间的化学递质，认知组通过PDP模型模拟人类解决问题的某些能力，包括对自由规则的直观理解，以及对神经元和神经元之间的相互作用。行为组实验分析了猕猴对相关维度频繁变化的GO/NO-GO反应的问题解决过程，并探讨了与刺激-反应关系相关的猕猴脑单位。