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Thorium Fuel Cycle as a Promising Energy Source in and after 21st Century

钍燃料循环作为 21 世纪及以后有前景的能源

基本信息

批准号：
02302089
负责人：
KIMURA Itsuro
金额：
$ 6.53万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02302089/
关键词：
thorium thorium fuel thorium cycle uranium 233 reactor design critical experiment molten salt reprocessing 溶融塩炉ハイブリッド被覆粒子燃料

项目摘要

1. Design studies of thorium fueled reactors: (1) Nuclear data; mass yield and neutron spectrum of the fission of U-233 and double differential cross section of Th-232 for 18 MeV neutrons were measured. (2) Reactor design studies; molten salt reactors for transmutation of long-lived minor actinides, fast reactors loading Th-232, three types of thermal reactors for U-233 production, molten salt power reactors named FUJI and mini-FUJI and accelerator breeders were designed. (3) Critical experiment of thorium loaded cores was carried out at KUCA and the result is compared with calculation. (4) Preliminary study of 14 MeV neutron transport in thorium and in thoria was done at KUCA. 2. Studies of thorium fuels and other reactor materials: (1) Thorium fuels; U-Th-Ti-Zr alloy was newly made and its hydrogen absorption properties were measured. The chemical diffusion coefficients of oxygen in ThO_2-UO_<2+x>was obtained. High burnup behavior of thorium oxide fuels was observed. (2) Molten salt studies; corrosion of Ni and Cr by residual moisture in molten LiF-BeF_2, diffusion coefficient of actinides and fission products in molten LiF-BeF_2, electrochemical behavior of Y in molten LiCl-KCl-Nacl and release rate of T from molten LiF-BeF_2 were measured. (3) Uranium enrichment; Anomalous isotope effects in chemical exchange uranium enrichment process was discovered. (4) Reprocessing; Solvent extraction of Th, U and some metals from nitrate solution of organophosphinic acid was investigated. 3. Study of radiation safety in thorium cycle: A passive integrating thoron(^<222>Rn) monitor was developed and was applied to measure thoron and radon(^<220>Rn) in a city.

1.钍燃料反应堆设计研究：（1）测量了18 MeV中子对U-233和Th-232裂变的质量产额、中子能谱和双微分截面。(2)反应堆设计研究设计了用于嬗变长寿命次锕系元素的熔盐堆、装载Th-232的快堆、用于生产U-233的三种类型的热堆、名为FUJI和mini-FUJI的熔盐动力堆以及加速器增殖堆。(3)在KUCA进行了钍堆芯的临界实验，并将实验结果与计算结果进行了比较。(4)KUCA对钍和氧化钍中14 MeV中子输运进行了初步研究。2.钍燃料及其它反应堆材料的研究：（1）钍燃料：制备了新的U-Th-Ti-Zr合金，并测定了其吸氢性能。得到了氧在ThO_2-UO_（2+x）中的化学扩散系数。观察到氧化钍燃料的高燃耗行为。(2)熔盐研究测定了熔融LiF-BeF_2中残余水分对Ni和Cr的腐蚀、锕系元素和裂变产物在熔融LiF-BeF_2中的扩散系数、Y在熔融LiCl-KCl-Nacl中的电化学行为以及T从熔融LiF-BeF_2中的释放速率。(3)发现了化学交换法铀浓缩过程中的异常同位素效应。(4)研究了从有机膦酸硝酸盐溶液中萃取钍、铀及某些金属元素的方法。3.钍循环的辐射安全研究：研制了一种被动积分式钍射气（^<222>Rn）监测仪，并应用于某城市的钍射气和氡（^ Rn）的测量<220>。