Comprehensive studies on school and root system development in cereal crops

用作者提出的新指数对水稻叶片的形成、发育和出芽进行了考察。这些研究阐明了茎部发育的规律。同时，根系发育规律。结果表明，可能对产量有贡献的根系尺寸和分布格局是在穗期以后形成的。并采用切叶法进行试验，以发现茎部与根系发育之间的密切关系。这些结果提示光合作用和水分关系可能对生长发育有贡献。对小麦分蘖发育的研究表明，密度的影响是存在的。还证实了茎部发育与根系发育是同步进行的。阐明了小麦根系由伸入深层的种子根和分布于表层的节根组成。灌溉等管理措施对种子根的分枝程度、结根的尺寸和分布都有较大的影响。利用作者提出的新指标对玉米的发育进行了评价。发现整个植物的组织结构与从营养阶段到生殖阶段的过渡有特殊的关系。叶、茎、根的大小和形态反映了植物体的发育和相变。根的分枝也被检查。

Formation and development of leaf primordial and leaf emergence in rice were examined with the new index developed by the authors. Those studies clarified the regularity in the shoot development.At the same time, the regular development of root system.It was shown that dimension and distribution pattern of root system which have possible contribution to yield were formed after panicle formation stage.Also the leaf-cutting method was used for the experiments to find the intimate interrelation between shoot and roots development. Those results suggested the possible contribution of photosynthesis and water relation to growth and development.Studies on the development of tillers of wheat showed the existence the effect of the density. It was also confirmed that the shoot development proceeded with root system development synchronizedly. Root system of wheat was clarifed to be composed of seminal roots elongateing into deep soil layers and nodal roots distributed in surface soil layer. Management practices including irrigation and so on had great influences on both branching degree of seminal roots and the dimension and distribution of nodal roots.Development of maize was examined using the new index proposed by the authors. It was found that organization of the whole plant was determined with special references to transition from vegetative phase to reproductive phase. Size and form of leaf,stem and roots reflect the development of plant body including the phase transition.Branching of roots was also examined.