Improvement of structure and function of root system and investigation of signal substrates in Soybean for the enhancement of waterlogging tolerance.

大豆根系结构和功能的改善及增强耐涝性的信号底物研究

基本信息

批准号：
14360009
负责人：
MORITA Shigenori
金额：
$ 7.94万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14360009/
关键词：
Soybean Waterlogging Root system Bleeding rate Soil molding 出液耐湿性不定根

项目摘要

We focused on the bleeding rate as an index of root-system vitality of soybean, and made its dynamics through the plant growth and its diurnal change clear. With the bleeding rate, it was shown that the treatment of soil molding enhanced the root-system vitality all through the plant growth, resulting in higher shoot dry matter production and yields in both dry and wet years. The promoted development of adventitious roots, which are newer than (i.e., not so aged as) taproot, contributed to this enhancement of the root-system vitality. In an experiment on waterlogging, the growth of taproot was severely inhibited by the excessive soil moisture. and, instead, adventitious root were formed from the hypocotyl and basal part of the stem, which distributed and crawled around the soil surface. Thus, the effects of soil molding, which promotes adventitious roots formation and offer them the soil space for distribution and functioning, on the tolerance against waterlogging in soybean. The molding did not alleviate the inhibition of shoot growth (leaf area, leaf color, dry weight) during the 20-day waterlogging treatment, but remarkably enhanced the recovery after the treatment. The final shoot dry biomass and yield of waterlogged soybean was significantly enlarged by the molding. The root system of the molded and waterlogged soybean was very shallow but maintained large total root length by the development of adventitious roots in the molded part of the soil. The results indicated that soil molding can be a good management to avoid the excessive water stress that often occurs in paddy-fielded-originated soybean fields in Japan.

我们专注于出血率作为大豆根系生命力的指数，并通过植物生长及其昼夜变化实现了动态。随着出血率，通过植物的生长，土壤成型的处理可增强根系的活力，从而导致干物质生产较高，并且在干燥和潮湿的年内产生了较高的产量。促进的不定根的发展比（即，不像年龄不像）taproot更新，促进了根系生命力的这种增强。在关于水坑的实验中，过度的土壤水分严重抑制了taproot的生长。相反，不定根是由茎的下胚轴和基础部分形成的，该茎分布在土壤表面周围。因此，土壤成型的影响促进了不定根的形成，并为它们提供了分布和功能的土壤空间，对大豆供水的耐受性。在20天的供水处理过程中，成型并不能减轻芽生长的抑制（叶子面积，叶子颜色，干重），但在处理后可以显着增强恢复。造型的最终芽干生物量和水洗大豆的产量显着扩大。模制大豆和水口的根系非常浅，但由于在土壤模制部分中的不定根的发展而保持了较大的总根长度。结果表明，土壤成型可以是一种良好的管理，以避免日本经常发生的稻田大豆田中经常发生过多的水应力。