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A Positivitistic Study on the Formation and Development of " Hayarigami " -On the Case of Chuugoku District-

“早神”形成与发展的实证研究-以中国地区为例-

基本信息

批准号：
02801006
负责人：
SUZUKI Iwayumi
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Shimane University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02801006/
关键词：
Hayarigami Kubunasi-jizou formation of religious organization dignities of gods belief and mass communication 流行神

项目摘要

The goda which suddenly appeared and prospered in the history of Japanese religion had been named " Hayarigami " in general. But until now, the studies on " Hayarigami " has been done very little in academic studies, especially from the approach of religiology and the studies of fashion.The purpose in this study is to clarify the mechanism how to appeare and develop such gods, special reference to the case of Chuugoku district. At this time, we took the method of sociology of religion and social psychology, and reconstructed its history first. The case we have analized are Kubinasi-jizou, Yokohi-kannon, Kouun-butu, Yomeirazu-kannon.The results of this study are summarized next 3 points.1. After the appearance of gods, not only personal communication but also mass communication have a momentous significance, and in particular, the number of the occasions which are taken by mass media is related to the grade of fashion.2. In the each institutions of the gods, there are not professional(=priest)organization but amateur(=layman)organization. The fact shows that such religious phenomena is the example of " popular belief ". For, in this phenomena, we can see the intertwining both dogmatic belief of orthodox Buddhism and empirical belief of common people.3. At the beginning of the formation of " Hayarigami ", divine messages by popular priests have given instructions to the neighbor laymen how to interpreate dignities of the gods. So such interpretations began to prescribe the belief just like a dogma.

日本宗教史上突然出现并繁荣起来的神，被统称为“早神”。但迄今为止，学术界对“早神”的研究还很少，特别是从宗教学和时尚研究的角度进行的研究。本研究的目的是阐明这种神明出现和发展的机制，特别参考中国地区的案例。这时，我们采用宗教社会学和社会心理学的方法，首先重构其历史。我们分析的案例有库比纳西地藏、横日观音、古云佛、夜明罗祖观音。本研究的结果总结如下三点： 1．神灵出现后，无论是个人传播还是大众传播都具有重要的意义，特别是大众媒体的出现次数与时尚的品位有关。 2．在各个神的机构中，没有专业的（=牧师）组织，而是业余的（=外行）组织。事实表明，这种宗教现象是“大众信仰”的典型。因为，在这种现象中，我们可以看到正传佛教的教义信仰和普通民众的经验信仰交织在一起。 3．在“早神”形成之初，民间祭司的神圣信息就向邻近的俗人指示如何解释神的尊严。因此，这样的解释开始像教条一样规定信仰。