Immunological Activity of Water-solubilized Lignins and its Action Mechanism

(1)研究了水溶性木质素（lende衍生物EP3）、木质素磺酸盐（LS）及其衍生物或分解产物的结构与活性关系。对于尿巨噬细胞的活化和骨髓细胞的增殖，木质素及其分子量大于10000的衍生物的多阴离子性质是产生活性的首要条件。木质素中羧基、磺酰基、硫酰基等解离基团的活性无显著差异。(2) 3种不同分子量、不同解离基团数的水溶性木质素被^<14> c -甲醛羟基甲基化。衍生化后活性保持不变。它们被口服和静脉注射给大鼠，并通过成像板法放射自显影术和常规组织分析测量放射性的时间分布，活性。结果木质素能通过血液顺利吸收，并在肝脏、骨髓、肾脏等组织中沉积。大部分放射性物质迅速排泄到尿液中，而较小的部分则在上述历史上具有生产力的器官中停留较长时间，这表明它显示了与活性测定结果的良好相关性。(3)EP3、LS、硫酸葡聚糖、聚苯乙烯磺酸等不仅诱导巨噬细胞形态改变，而且增加了葡萄糖消耗。巨噬细胞的激活被发现依赖于水溶性木质素的多阴离子性质。(4)水溶性木质素比免疫活性脂多糖更能增强^ 3h -胸苷在骨髓细胞中的掺入。硫酸葡聚糖未显示出任何活性。在骨髓中。结果表明，水溶木质素对巨噬细胞增殖最强烈。

(1)Structure and activity relationship has been studied among the water-soluble lignins such as LENderived EP3, lignosulfonates(LS), and their derivatives or decomposition products. For both the activation of reurine macrophages and the proliferation of bone marrow cells, polyanionic nature of lignin and its derivatives having the molecular weight more than 10, 000 is the first requisite to emerge the activities. No difference in activities was observed between dissociation groups, such as carboxyl, solfonyl or sulfuryl group in lignins.(2)Three water-solubilized lignins with different molecular weight and number of dissociation groups were hydroxymethylated with ^<14>C-formaldehyde. The activities were maintained after derivatization. They were administered orally and intravenously to rats and time-course distribution of radio, activity was measured both by autoradiography using the imaging plate method and ordinally tissue analysis. As a result, the lignins were absorbed smoothly via blood and deposited in the tissues mainly in liver, bone marrow, kidney. The greater part of the radioactivity excreted rapidly into urine, the smaller part, however, remained in the above hislily productive organs for the longer period, suggesting that it revealed the good correlation with the results obtained from those of activity assays.(3)EP3, LS, dextran sulfate, polystyrene sulfonate, etc., induced not only the morphological changes of macrophages, but also augmented the glucose consumption. Activation of macrophages was found to depend on polyanionic nature of water-solubilized lignins.(4)Water-solubilized lignins enhanced more strongly the incorporation of ^3H-thymidine into bone marrow cells than imunoactive LPS. Dextran sulfate did not show any activity. Among the bone marrow. cells, it was shown that progenitor macrophage cells were most strongly proliferated by water-soluilized lignins.