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Research of Actual Conditions and Legal Dogmas relating to Business Tort in the Software-oriented Society

软件社会商业侵权的现状与法理研究

基本信息

批准号：
02620019
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Tsuneo
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Hitotsubashi University (1991)Osaka City University (1990)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In the so-called "Software-oriented Society" where economic gains produced through financial investment or intellectual property are much more respected than the utility value of products, litigation increases in number claiming compensation for damages suffered from a business transaction under tort law. In this research, I investigated some features of business tort, classifying the transaction between a consumer and a merchant and that between a merchant and a merchant.As to the transaction between a consumer and a merchant, I tried to understand the actual circumstances of consumer fraud through interview with the injured consumers and lawyers representing them, and arranged the content and issues of each case raised from case report, newsletters of local consumer centers and the said interviews. With regard to legal dogmas relating to tort, I examined such issues as illegality of structure of business and way of inducement, public policy, free will and comparative negligence, monopoly price, and undue profits. It was made clear that general theory of tort law does not fit the business tort, since the general theory was developed mostly in personal injury cases. Revision of the Unfair Competition Prevention Act is urgent in order to promote consumer protection in business transaction.As to the transaction between a merchant and a merchant, I investigated and arranged the actual domestic cases through interviews with legal staffs and layers, newspaper clipping and case reports. With regard to legal dogmas, I examined anti-trust law and tort, recaption of delivered goods at the time of the buyer's bankruptcy, actio pauliana and tort, double sales of real property, abuse of power of agent, undue break of business negotiation and so on.

在所谓的“软件社会”中，通过金融投资或知识产权产生的经济收益比产品的实用价值更受到尊重，根据侵权法要求赔偿商业交易损失的诉讼数量不断增加。在本次研究中，我考察了商业侵权的一些特征，将消费者与商家之间的交易、商家与商家之间的交易进行了分类。对于消费者与商家之间的交易，我通过对受害消费者及其代理律师的采访，试图了解消费者欺诈的实际情况，并对案例报告、当地消费者中心简讯和访谈中提出的每个案件的内容和问题进行整理。关于侵权行为的法律教条，我研究了商业结构和诱导方式的非法性、公共政策、自由意志和比较过失、垄断价格和不当利润等问题。很明显，侵权法的一般理论并不适合商业侵权，因为一般理论主要是在人身伤害案件中发展起来的。为了促进商业交易中的消费者保护，《反不正当竞争法》的修改刻不容缓。对于商家与商家之间的交易，我通过对法律人员和层层的采访、剪报和案例报道等方式对国内的实际案例进行了调查和整理。在法律教条方面，我研究了反垄断法和侵权行为、买方破产时交付的货物的收回、保利安娜行为和侵权行为、不动产的双重销售、滥用代理人权力、不当破坏商业谈判等。