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Comprehansive Studies on Service Contracts

服务合同综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
08620031
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Tsuneo
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Hitotsubashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08620031/
关键词：
Service Contract Financial Service Telecommunication Service Duty to Explain Fiduciary Duty Continuous Supply of Service Contract Equilibrium of University Unfair Term 電気通信利用サービス

项目摘要

There ar two ways of approaches to the studies on service contracts. One is the specified transaction approach in which we come close to the essential issues inherent while discussing the problems arising from the real particular type of transaction. The other is the general provisions approach in which we survey real problems while examining those issues at the level of general provisions of obligation law or contract law. In 1996, we mainly did the former approach, and in 1997, we mainly did the latter approach.Business-to-consumer service contracts are quite different from Business-to-business service contracts in issues in practices. Professor Matsumoto took charge of B-to-C contracts including education, aesthetic saloon, financial and telecommunication contracts, while Professor Nakata took charge of B-to-B contracts including franchise and distributorship contracts.In order to accomplish the said tasks, we made interviews with business men and lawyers involved in service contracts, collected legal materials relating to service contracts written in Japanese as well as foreign languages, and discussed a variety of issues almost monthly.Following those specified transaction approach, we analyzed those general issues such as legal reasoning of midway cancellation right of continuous service contracts, regulation of unfair contract terms, regulation of unfair inducement to service contracts on the side of consumer contracts and asymmetry of obligations, value of relation, units of obligation and complex contract, and development risk. These issues are quite important for the development of general theory of contract law in future, although the Civil Code of Japan unfortunately is lacking of the express provisions relating to these issues.

服务合同的研究有两种方法。一种是特定交易方法，在讨论真实的特定交易类型所产生的问题时，我们接近内在的基本问题。另一种是一般规定法，即在债法或合同法的一般规定层面上考察真实的问题。1996年我们主要采取前一种方式，1997年主要采取后一种方式，企业对消费者服务合同与企业对企业服务合同在实践问题上有很大的不同。松本教授负责教育、美容美发、金融、电信等B-to-C合同，中田教授负责特许经营、经销等B-to-B合同。为了完成上述任务，我们采访了服务合同中的商人和律师，收集了用日语和外语撰写的服务合同的法律的资料，遵循这些特定的交易方式，本文分析了连续服务合同中途撤销权的法律的依据、不公平合同条款的规制、消费者合同方对服务合同的不公平诱因的规制以及义务的不对称性、关系价值、义务单位与复合合同、开发风险等一般性问题。这些问题对于今后合同法一般理论的发展具有重要意义，但《日本民法典》中对这些问题缺乏明确的规定。