Metal Hydride Electrodes Compacted with Organic Compounds

尽管一些类型的M-H电池已经商业化，但要制造出更多能够实现高循环充放电耐久性能的改进型M-H电池，仍有许多实质性的问题需要解决。在本工作中，我们讨论了有机化合物致密金属氢化物负极的特性。通过研究LaNi&lt；5-x&Gt；Mx(M=AIMn，Co)合金在氢气中的活化行为，试图从根本上理解Al、Co、Mn等替代元素在氢化动力学中的作用。用Sieverts‘s装置测量了复合金属氢化物电极的吸放氢速率。采用具有高吸放氢速率的常温硫化有机硅与合金形成电极。随着充放电循环次数的增加，电池的放电容量逐渐增加，经过几次循环后，电池的容量基本保持不变。有机硅复合金属氢化物电极对CH4和H2O的表面污染具有较好的保护作用。通过测定氢化曲线随循环氢化反应次数和空气暴露次数的变化，系统地研究了氧化和氢化对初始活化和再活化的影响。结果表明，Mn和Co对提高循环氧化合金的初始活性最为有效，而取代元素对循环氧化合金的反应活性几乎没有影响。

In spite that some types of M-H batteries have been commercialize, there are still many material problems to be solved in order to manufacture more improved M-H batteries which enable high cyclic charge discharge durabilities. In this work, we discussed the characteristics of metal hydride negative electrodes compacted with organic compounds. And we tried to make an fundamental approach to understand the roles of the substitutive elements such as AI, Co, and Mn for Ni in hydriding kinetics by investigating the activation behaviors of LaNi_<5-x>M_x (M=AIMn, Co) alloys in hydrogen gas.The hydriding and dehydriding rates of the composite metal hydride electrodes were measured by Sieverts' type apparatus. A room temperature vulcanizing silicone with high hydriding and dehydriding rates were employed to form the electrode with the alloys. The discharge capacity was gradually increased with increasing the number of charge and discharge cycle, and after the several cycles the cell exhibited a nearly constant capacity. Composite metal hydride electrodes with silicone were effective for protection of surface contaminations of CH_4 and H_2O. The effects of oxidation and hydroxidation on the initial activation and reactivation were systematically investigated by measuring hydriding curves as functions of the number of cyclic hydriding reactions and also the number of air exposures. Mn and Co were found most effective to improve the initial activation, however, almost no effect was found among the substitutive elements in the reactivities of cyclically oxidized alloys.