Rural Industries and Rural Society in Colonial India : A Compraison with Japan

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1. The main urpose of the research was to clarify the cocio-economic changes in colonial India by assessing the impact of non-agricultural economic activities on the rural changes.Eight papers were presented at SOAS South Asia Project Workshop held at SOAS, University of London in Juli 1992. Some of the revised papers have been included in H.Yanagisawa, Local Agrarian Society in India, c.1760-1930.2. Main Findings are as follows :(1)In India, The technological development based upon small scale production was observed in the indigenous sugar industry. the research highlighted the capasity of this industry for using technological adaotations as a means of enhancing competitiveness.(2)South Indian agriculture alo witnessed the same type of change after the 1860s. Under the general trend toward intensivve cultivation, the relative advantage of the large farm disappeeared. the emigration of the laborers to the estates abroad accelerated this change. thus the research pointed to the importance of the development of the labor intensive technology in the asian economic development.(3) Our research revealed a growth of rich peasantry and an expansion of the tenant system in Bengal, both of which have also parallels in the jJapanese historiography.(4)In contrast to these aspects of similarity, Wakimura's work points to the important difference between Indian demographic regime and that in Japan.