Anesthetic effects on the physicochemical parameters and the functions of phase boundary of lipid membrane and macro-molecule

麻醉药不是位于膜核心，而是位于界面区。随着浓度的增加，麻醉剂分子穿透到膜的内部。将Taft的极性参数应用于脂膜探针的光谱变化，结果表明麻醉剂增加了脂膜上氢键的可接受性，降低了界面上的极性。这种效应可以通过从膜界面释放水合水分子来解释。用木炭分析了与吸附有关的物理化学性质。酒精和压力协同作用诱导脂双层中的交错排列。酒精的这种作用是不可逆的。膜的分配和截断现象：脂膜的热相变包括从凝胶II到凝胶I的预转变和从凝胶I到液体的主要转变。众所周知，麻醉剂可以降低相变温度。这一影响在转型前更为显著。在麻醉剂效价与其油相溶解度成正比的条件下，麻醉药在液相中的分配系数K(L)大于在凝胶I相中的分配系数K(G)。当麻醉药的碳原子数增加时，K(G)大于K(L)。这可能是引起麻醉切断现象的原因。蛋白质的影响：关于麻醉药对多聚L-赖氨酸的α-Herix-β折叠转变的影响，以及对α-胰凝乳蛋白酶的激活，揭示了各种信息。结论：近年来发表了许多关于麻醉药部位特异性作用的报道。然而，从我们的考虑来看，这些数据大多可以视为麻醉剂对大分子的非特异性作用的结果。研究人员之间需要更多的交流，需要更多的合作研究项目。

Anesthetics are not located in membrane core,but in interfacial region. On increasing the concentration, anesthetic molecules penetrate into the inside of membrane. By the application of Taft's polarity parameters to the spectral changes of probes incorporated in lipid membrane,it is revealed that anesthetics increase the H-bond acceptability and decrease the polarity at the interface. This effect can be explained by the release of hydrated water molecules from the membrane interface. Physicochemical properties concerning adsorption were also analyzed using charcoal. Alcohol and pressure synergistically induce the interdigitation in the lipid bilayer. This action of alcohol is not pressure reversible.Partitioninng into the membrane and cutoff phenomena: The thermal phase transition of lipid membrane consists of pre-transition from gel II to gel I and main-transition from gel I to liquid phase. Anesthetics are known to depress the phase transition temperatures. This effect is more significant with respect to the pre-transition. Under the condition that anesthetic potency is proportional to its oil solubility,the partition coefficients of anesthetics to liquid phase;K(L) are larger than those to gel I phase;K(G). When the number of carbon atoms of anesthetics increases, K(G) becomes larger than K(L). This may be the reason to cause cutoff phenomena of anesthesia.Effects on protein: Various informations about the effect of anesthetics upon the alpha-herix-beta-sheet transition of poly-L-lysine,and the activation of alpha-chymotrypsin were revealed.Conclusion: Many reports dealt with the site specific action of anesthetics were published in these days. However,from our considerations, most of these data can be treated as the results of non-specific actions of anesthetics to the macro-molecules. More communications between researchers and more cooperative research projects are desired.