Anesthetic effects on the physicochemical parameters and the functions of phase boundary of lipid membrane and macro-molecule

麻醉药不位于膜核，而是位于界面区。随着浓度的增加，麻醉分子渗透到膜的内部。通过将Taft极性参数应用于脂膜探针的光谱变化，发现麻醉剂增加了氢键的可接受性，降低了界面上的极性。这种效应可以用水合水分子从膜界面释放来解释。并对活性炭吸附的理化性质进行了分析。酒精和压力协同诱导脂质双分子层的交叉作用。酒精的这种作用在压力下是不可逆的。分膜和切断现象：脂质膜的热相变包括凝胶II到凝胶I的预过渡和凝胶I到液相的主过渡。已知麻醉剂可以降低相变温度。相对于过渡前，这种影响更为显著。在麻醉药效价与其油溶解度成正比的条件下，麻醉药对液相的分配系数；K(L)大于凝胶I相的K(G)。当麻醉药的碳原子数增加时，K(G)大于K(L)。这可能是造成麻醉断线现象的原因。对蛋白质的影响：揭示了麻醉药对聚l -赖氨酸α -herix- β -sheet转化和α -凝乳胰蛋白酶激活的影响。结论：近年来关于麻醉药部位特异性作用的报道较多。然而，从我们的考虑来看，这些数据中的大多数可以被视为麻醉剂对大分子的非特异性作用的结果。研究者之间需要更多的交流和更多的合作研究项目。

Anesthetics are not located in membrane core,but in interfacial region. On increasing the concentration, anesthetic molecules penetrate into the inside of membrane. By the application of Taft's polarity parameters to the spectral changes of probes incorporated in lipid membrane,it is revealed that anesthetics increase the H-bond acceptability and decrease the polarity at the interface. This effect can be explained by the release of hydrated water molecules from the membrane interface. Physicochemical properties concerning adsorption were also analyzed using charcoal. Alcohol and pressure synergistically induce the interdigitation in the lipid bilayer. This action of alcohol is not pressure reversible.Partitioninng into the membrane and cutoff phenomena: The thermal phase transition of lipid membrane consists of pre-transition from gel II to gel I and main-transition from gel I to liquid phase. Anesthetics are known to depress the phase transition temperatures. This effect is more significant with respect to the pre-transition. Under the condition that anesthetic potency is proportional to its oil solubility,the partition coefficients of anesthetics to liquid phase;K(L) are larger than those to gel I phase;K(G). When the number of carbon atoms of anesthetics increases, K(G) becomes larger than K(L). This may be the reason to cause cutoff phenomena of anesthesia.Effects on protein: Various informations about the effect of anesthetics upon the alpha-herix-beta-sheet transition of poly-L-lysine,and the activation of alpha-chymotrypsin were revealed.Conclusion: Many reports dealt with the site specific action of anesthetics were published in these days. However,from our considerations, most of these data can be treated as the results of non-specific actions of anesthetics to the macro-molecules. More communications between researchers and more cooperative research projects are desired.