Role of motor proteins in cell motility

运动蛋白在细胞运动中的作用

• 批准号: 03304054
• 负责人: KOHAMA Kazuhiro
• 金额: $ 16.19万
• 依托单位: Gunma University School of Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03304054/
• 关键词: Motor protein; Actin; Myosin; Calcium; Regulation; Motility Assay; NMR; Centrifuge Microscope; モーティリティー・アッセイ; アイチン; アクトミオシン; ミオシン軽鎖キナーゼ; カルポニン; カルデスモン; 平滑筋; シャジク藻; 原形質流動; チュブリン; ダイニン; ATP

Cell Motility is an activity that is obserbed in the living cells including lower eukayotes, plant cells and animal cells, and is supported by motor proteins. Actomyosin system is a typical motor protein. However, the mode of the interaction of myosin with actin in vitro is so simple that the mode can not explain various phenotypes of cell motility such as cell division, cytoplasmic streaming and contraction.This co-operative research intended (1) to obtain new motor protein, (2) to find a new mechanism which regulates the interaction of myosin with actin, and (3) to adopt recent techniques for the analysis of cell motility. After the 3 years co-operation among the investigators listed above, following results were obtained. (1) myosin-like proteins were obtained from a few species of plant cells. (2) Novel regulatory role of myosin light chain kinase was elucidated. (3) We applied i)in vitro motility assay to the analysis of the regulation of actomyosin system, ii)protein requence technique to the analysis of acrosomal reaction, iii)NMR technique to motor function of myosin, and iv)centrifuge microscope to motor function of actin.

细胞运动是指存在于低等真核生物、植物细胞和动物细胞等活细胞中的一种活动，由运动蛋白支持。肌动球蛋白系统是一种典型的运动蛋白。然而，肌球蛋白与肌动蛋白在体外的相互作用模式过于简单，不能解释细胞分裂、胞质流动和收缩等细胞运动的各种表型，本合作研究的目的是（1）获得新的运动蛋白，（2）寻找调控肌球蛋白与肌动蛋白相互作用的新机制，（3）采用最新的细胞运动分析技术。经过3年的合作，以上列出的研究者，取得了以下结果。(1)肌球蛋白样蛋白从几种植物细胞中获得。(2)阐明了肌球蛋白轻链激酶的新的调节作用。(3)我们应用体外运动实验分析肌动球蛋白系统的调节，蛋白质序列技术分析顶体反应，核磁共振技术分析肌球蛋白的运动功能，离心显微镜分析肌动蛋白的运动功能。

项目成果

Tanokura,M.and Ebashi,S.: "Complexes of myosin subfragment 1 with pyrophosphate and with adenosine diphosphate as studied by phosphorus-1 nuclear magnetic resonance." J.Biochem.113. 19-21 (1993)

Tanokura, M. 和 Ebashi, S.：“通过磷-1 核磁共振研究肌球蛋白亚片段 1 与焦磷酸和二磷酸腺苷的复合物。”

Higashi-Fujime,S.: "Reconstitution of active movement in vitro based on the actin-myosin interaction." Int.Rev.Cytl.125. 95-138 (1991)

Higashi-Fujime,S.：“基于肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白相互作用的体外主动运动重建。”

Kazuhiro Kohama: "Calcium Inhibition" Japan Sci.Soc.Press,and CRC Press., 205 (1992)

Kazuhiro Kohama：“钙抑制”Japan Sci.Soc.Press,and CRC Press., 205 (1992)

Igarashi, M., et al.: "Actin-binding proteins in the growth cone particles(GCP) from fetal rat brain : a 44 kDa actin-binding protein is enriched in the fetal GCP fraction." Develop.Brain Res.67. 197-203 (1992)

Igarashi, M. 等人：“胎儿大鼠大脑生长锥颗粒 (GCP) 中的肌动蛋白结合蛋白：胎儿 GCP 部分中富集了 44 kDa 的肌动蛋白结合蛋白。”

Kohama, K., et al.: "Calcium-binding proteins that are involved in the calcium inhibition on the actomyoshin system of a lower eukaryote, Physarum polycephalum." Biomed.Res.14 Suppl. 2. 57-62 (1993)

Kohama, K. 等人：“钙结合蛋白参与低等真核生物多头绒泡菌的肌动蛋白系统的钙抑制。”