Development of a High-speed NC Spindle System Synchronized by Two-Phase Type PLL Method

本研究是科研项目(C)“两相锁相环法数控机床伺服主轴”（1991-1992）在数控机床两主轴同步旋转高速主轴系统上的实际应用。这种高速主轴系统的典型应用是数控磨齿机。传统数控磨齿机由于受磨削主轴和工作主轴最大转速的限制，生产率极低。因此，为了克服这一限制，我们试图获得一种高速主轴系统，其最大转速提高到磨削主轴的12,000转/分和工作主轴的3,000转/分，采用由首席研究员提出的两相型PLL方法。这比传统机器的转速快5-10倍。本研究工作的进展和成果如下：首先，采用两相型锁相环设计了数控同步控制电路，然后制作了磨削主轴和工作主轴对该控制电路进行了测试。通过仔细调整电路，我们成功地稳定地将磨削主轴的转速提高到12,000转/分以上，工作主轴的转速提高到3,000转/分以上。其次，通过计算机仿真得到了新主轴系统的动态特性，并进行了大量的实验验证了所开发系统的有效性。结果表明，两相锁相环在转速区具有很大的动态范围，我们设计的新型主轴系统能够实现高速下高精度的同步旋转。最后，在安装了新主轴系统的数控磨床上进行了齿轮磨削实验。磨削实验结果证明，采用两相锁相环同步的高速数控主轴系统在最大转速、同步精度、SN比等伺服特性方面具有极高的能力。少

This research is the practical application of the Scientific Research Project (C) entitled Numerical Control of Servo-Spindle for Machine Tools by Two-phase Type PLL Method (1991-1992) to a high-speed spindle system that keeps a synchronized rotation between two spindles for NC machines. The typical application of this high-speed spindle system is NC gear grinding machines. The productivity of the conventional NC gear grinding machines is extremely low due to the limitation of the maximum speed of the grinding spindle and workspindle. Thus, to overcome this limitation, we tried to get a high-speed spindle system of which maximum speeds are raised to 12, 000 rpm for the grinding spindle and 3, 000 rpm for the workspindle by using two-phase type PLL method proposed by the head investigator. These are 5-10 times faster than the rotational speeds of the conventional machines. Progress and results of this research work are as follows :First, we designed a control circuit for NC synchronizat … More ion using the two-phase type PLL, and next we made the grinding spindle and workspindle to test this control circuit. By carefully adjusting the circuits, we succeeded in stably increasing the rotational speed to more than 12, 000 rpm for the grinding spindle and 3, 000 rpm for the workspindle. Secondly, we got dynamic characteristics of this new spindle system by a computer simulation and carried out many experiments to confirm the usefulness of the developed system. As a result, it was proved that two-phase type PLL has very large dynamic range in the speed area, and the new spindle system designed by us has the capability to realize the synchronous rotation which has extremely high accuracy though high speed. Lastly, some experiments of gear grinding were carried out by using an NC gear grinding machine on which this new spindle system is mounted. From the results of the grinding experiments, it was proved that the high-speed NC spindle system synchronized by the two-phase type PLL has extremely high ability in servo-characteristics such as maximum speed, synchronizing accuracy, SN ratio, etc. Less