Development of a High-speed NC Spindle System Synchronized by Two-Phase Type PLL Method

本研究是科研项目(C)《机床伺服主轴的两相锁相环方法数控》(1991-1992)在保持两个主轴之间同步旋转的高速主轴系统中的实际应用。这种高速主轴系统的典型应用是数控磨齿机。传统的数控磨齿机由于受磨齿主轴和加工主轴最大转速的限制，生产率极低。因此，为了克服这一局限性，我们试图利用首席研究员提出的两相锁相环方法，将磨削主轴的最高转速提高到12,000 rpm，将主轴的最高转速提高到3,000 rpm。这些机器的转速比传统机器快5-10倍。研究工作的进展和成果如下：首先，设计了一种…数控同步器的控制电路其次，我们制作了磨削主轴和工作主轴，对该控制电路进行了测试。通过认真调整电路，成功地将磨床主轴转速稳定提高到12000转/分以上，主轴转速稳定在3000转/分以上。其次，通过计算机仿真得到了新型主轴系统的动态特性，并进行了大量的实验，验证了所开发系统的有效性。结果表明，两相锁相环在转速范围内具有很大的动态范围，我们设计的新型主轴系统能够实现高速同步旋转，具有极高的精度。最后，在安装了这种新型主轴系统的数控磨齿机上进行了磨齿实验。磨削实验结果表明，采用两相锁相环同步的高速数控主轴系统在最大速度、同步精度、信噪比等伺服特性方面具有极高的能力。

This research is the practical application of the Scientific Research Project (C) entitled Numerical Control of Servo-Spindle for Machine Tools by Two-phase Type PLL Method (1991-1992) to a high-speed spindle system that keeps a synchronized rotation between two spindles for NC machines. The typical application of this high-speed spindle system is NC gear grinding machines. The productivity of the conventional NC gear grinding machines is extremely low due to the limitation of the maximum speed of the grinding spindle and workspindle. Thus, to overcome this limitation, we tried to get a high-speed spindle system of which maximum speeds are raised to 12, 000 rpm for the grinding spindle and 3, 000 rpm for the workspindle by using two-phase type PLL method proposed by the head investigator. These are 5-10 times faster than the rotational speeds of the conventional machines. Progress and results of this research work are as follows :First, we designed a control circuit for NC synchronizat … More ion using the two-phase type PLL, and next we made the grinding spindle and workspindle to test this control circuit. By carefully adjusting the circuits, we succeeded in stably increasing the rotational speed to more than 12, 000 rpm for the grinding spindle and 3, 000 rpm for the workspindle. Secondly, we got dynamic characteristics of this new spindle system by a computer simulation and carried out many experiments to confirm the usefulness of the developed system. As a result, it was proved that two-phase type PLL has very large dynamic range in the speed area, and the new spindle system designed by us has the capability to realize the synchronous rotation which has extremely high accuracy though high speed. Lastly, some experiments of gear grinding were carried out by using an NC gear grinding machine on which this new spindle system is mounted. From the results of the grinding experiments, it was proved that the high-speed NC spindle system synchronized by the two-phase type PLL has extremely high ability in servo-characteristics such as maximum speed, synchronizing accuracy, SN ratio, etc. Less