Development of a High-speed NC Spindle System Synchronized by Two-Phase Type PLL Method

本研究是1991-1992年国家科技攻关计划（C）“两相型锁相环法机床伺服主轴的数字控制”在数控机床高速主轴系统中的实际应用。这种高速主轴系统的典型应用是数控磨齿机。传统的数控磨齿机由于受到磨削主轴和工作主轴最高转速的限制，生产率极低。因此，为了克服这一限制，我们试图通过使用首席研究员提出的两相型PLL方法来获得一种高速主轴系统，其最大速度对于磨削主轴提高到12，000 rpm，对于工作主轴提高到3，000 rpm。这些比传统机器的旋转速度快5-10倍。本文的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面：首先，设计了数控同步控制电路， ...更多信息 然后制作了磨削主轴和工作主轴对该控制电路进行了测试。通过仔细调整电路，我们成功地将磨削主轴的转速稳定地提高到12，000 rpm以上，工作主轴的转速稳定地提高到3，000 rpm以上。其次，我们通过计算机仿真得到了这种新型主轴系统的动态特性，并进行了大量的实验，以证实所开发的系统的有效性。结果表明，两相型锁相环在速度范围内具有很大的动态范围，我们设计的新型主轴系统能够实现高速、高精度的同步旋转。最后，在一台安装了该新型主轴系统的数控磨齿机上进行了磨齿实验。磨削实验结果表明，采用两相型锁相环同步的高速数控主轴系统在最高速度、同步精度、信噪比等伺服特性方面具有极高的性能。

This research is the practical application of the Scientific Research Project (C) entitled Numerical Control of Servo-Spindle for Machine Tools by Two-phase Type PLL Method (1991-1992) to a high-speed spindle system that keeps a synchronized rotation between two spindles for NC machines. The typical application of this high-speed spindle system is NC gear grinding machines. The productivity of the conventional NC gear grinding machines is extremely low due to the limitation of the maximum speed of the grinding spindle and workspindle. Thus, to overcome this limitation, we tried to get a high-speed spindle system of which maximum speeds are raised to 12, 000 rpm for the grinding spindle and 3, 000 rpm for the workspindle by using two-phase type PLL method proposed by the head investigator. These are 5-10 times faster than the rotational speeds of the conventional machines. Progress and results of this research work are as follows :First, we designed a control circuit for NC synchronizat … More ion using the two-phase type PLL, and next we made the grinding spindle and workspindle to test this control circuit. By carefully adjusting the circuits, we succeeded in stably increasing the rotational speed to more than 12, 000 rpm for the grinding spindle and 3, 000 rpm for the workspindle. Secondly, we got dynamic characteristics of this new spindle system by a computer simulation and carried out many experiments to confirm the usefulness of the developed system. As a result, it was proved that two-phase type PLL has very large dynamic range in the speed area, and the new spindle system designed by us has the capability to realize the synchronous rotation which has extremely high accuracy though high speed. Lastly, some experiments of gear grinding were carried out by using an NC gear grinding machine on which this new spindle system is mounted. From the results of the grinding experiments, it was proved that the high-speed NC spindle system synchronized by the two-phase type PLL has extremely high ability in servo-characteristics such as maximum speed, synchronizing accuracy, SN ratio, etc. Less