APPLICATION OF PEN SHEET TO ARTIFICIAL SKIN AND MANUFACTURING OF CONTINUOUS PAPER-MAKING MACHINE

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High resolution ^<13>C NMR spectra of alpha-chitin and beta-chitin in solid state can be distinguished from each other as well as the x-ray patterns or IR spectra. alpha-Chitin from crab or shrimp shell is known to be slightly soluble in general organic solvents and to have poor reactivity due to its rigid crystalline structure. beta-Chitin, on the other hand, from squid bone of Loligo pen, easily forms slurry when it was ground with water. This is responsible for the loose crystalline structure and the high hydrophilicity of Loligo pen chitin. Therefore it is much easier to prepare the paper sheet from beta-chitin than alpha-chitin without binder. Direct sheet preparation from Loligo pen gel is economically of greater advantage than nonwoven sheet from crab shell. The hand-made chitin paper from Loligo pen shows a high bursting factor of 7.4 and breaking length of 6.9 Km, compared with those of alpha-chitin from crab shell, 1.0 and 3.0 Km. The Loligo pen paper is obviously softer than that from crab shell as to rigidity or stiffness calculated from Young modulus. Furthermore the higher permeability of moisture together with water regain, a strong affinity for blood protein such as fibrinogen, albumin or gamma-globulin, and slow biodegradation by lysozyme were observed. Thus the pen sheet seems to be more suitable for temporarily artificial skin.In this report, the direct preparation of chitin sheet from mechanically beated loligo pen chitin was investigated. A continuous paper-making machine for the chitin was designed in bench scale and constructed in our Machine Shop. Paper of 30m long and 80mm wide can be prepared by the machine at the speed of 0.5m/min.