Biosynthesis and Properties Control of Bacterial Cellulose

细菌纤维素的生物合成及性质控制

• 批准号: 08455445
• 负责人: TAKAI Mitsuo
• 金额: $ 3.39万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08455445/
• 关键词: Bacterial Cellulose (BC); Water-soluble Polymer (WSP); BC Composite (BCC); Increasing Yield; Biodegradability Control; Bioreactor with rotating-disk; Vibratory Young's Modulus; 培地成分; 酵母エキス; アミノ酸; pH; グルコン酸

Bacterial cellulose (BC) productivity has been enhanced by the presence of 3.5% concentration of yeast extract in the medium as high as twice of the standard culture(0.5% yeast extract). Cell growth increased markedly with an increase in yeast extract concentration. pH of the medium decreased from the initial 5.9 to the range of 3.5-4.5 during 2 days incubation, however, after the prolonged incubation gradual increasing in pH was observed. Glucose as a carbon source was nevertheless consumed thoroughly during 4 days incubation, cellulose production proceeded slowly as long as 15 days incubation. An excess of yeast extract in the medium appear to play an role in the activator for cellulose biosynthesis. Bacterial cellulose (NBC) produced by Acetobacter xylinum (A.xylinum) has both great mechanical strength and biodegradability.The properties were controlled by the incorporation of water-soluble polymers (WSP) such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), methyl cellulose (MC) and polyethylene … More glycol (PEG). Small amounts of the WSPs were added to the standerd Hestrin-Schramm medium.The WSPs were incorporated into BC during incubation. The cellulose composite (BCC) will be a kind of interpenetrating polymer.The BCC yield by weight were 1.5 times for MC and 1.8 times for CMC as compared with the weight of NBC control. The contents of MC and CMC in the BCC were checked by elemental analysis of C%, 45% for CMC and 20% for MC,respectively. From the X-ray analysis, the diffraction of (110) appeared sharply as a resuli of the disorientation of (110). The WSPs influence the preferential orientation of BC.Young's modulus of the BCC was about 1-3 times that of NBC (30-40GPa). BCC (CMC) was degraded completely by cellulase for 6 hr, while only 20-40% of BCC (MC) was degraded for 48hr. For degadation test in native soil, all BCC samples were degaded considerably at 30ﾟC for 4 weeks as well as NBC.There is some possibility to control a biodegadability of BC.The method of BCC production will be used to synthesize a new type of BC having both excellent biodegradability and other functions. The most effective incubation methods for NBC production were examined in various mode of bioreactor, and then on the basis of the results, the bioreactor with rotating-disk has been designed. Less

培养基中酵母提取物浓度为标准培养物（0.5% 酵母提取物）两倍，浓度为 3.5%，从而提高了细菌纤维素 (BC) 生产力。随着酵母提取物浓度的增加，细胞生长显着增加。在2天的培养过程中，培养基的pH值从最初的5.9下降到3.5-4.5的范围，然而，在长时间培养后观察到pH值逐渐增加。然而，作为碳源的葡萄糖在4天的培养过程中被彻底消耗，纤维素的产生在长达15天的培养过程中缓慢进行。培养基中过量的酵母提取物似乎在纤维素生物合成的激活剂中发挥作用。由木醋杆菌（A.xylinum）生产的细菌纤维素（NBC）兼具良好的机械强度和生物降解性。其性能通过掺入羧甲基纤维素（CMC）、甲基纤维素（MC）和聚乙二醇（PEG）等水溶性聚合物（WSP）来控制。将少量 WSP 添加到标准 Hestrin-Schramm 培养基中。在孵育过程中将 WSP 掺入 BC 中。纤维素复合材料(BCC)是一种互穿聚合物。与NBC对照重量相比，BCC重量产率是MC的1.5倍和CMC的1.8倍。通过元素分析检测BCC中MC和CMC的含量，C%分别为45%和20%。从X射线分析来看，(110)的衍射明显地表现为(110)的定向混乱的结果。 WSP影响BC的择优取向。BCC的杨氏模量约为NBC的1-3倍(30-40GPa)。 BCC (CMC) 在 6 小时内被纤维素酶完全降解，而在 48 小时内只有 20-40% 的 BCC (MC) 被降解。对于原生土壤的降解试验，所有BCC样品均与NBC一样在30℃下4周进行了相当程度的降解。控制BC的生物降解性有一定的可能性。BCC生产方法将用于合成一种兼具优异的生物降解性和其他功能的新型BC。在不同模式的生物反应器中检验了最有效的NBC生产孵化方法，然后根据结果设计了转盘生物反应器。较少的

项目成果

K, Tajima et al.: "Enhancement of Bacterial Cellulos Productivity and Preparation of Branched Polysaccharide-Bacteriai Cellulos Composite by Co-cultivation of Acetobacter Species" Sen-i Gakkaishi. 51(7). 323-332 (1995)

K，Tajima 等人：“通过醋酸杆菌种的共培养提高细菌纤维素生产力和制备支链多糖-细菌纤维素复合材料”Sen-i Gakkaishi。

K.Tajima, N.Uenishi, M.Fujiwara, T.Erata, M.Munekata, M.Takai: "Synthesis of two water-soluble polysaccharide by Acetobacter sp.NC11005" Macromol.Symp.120. 19-28 (1997)

K.Tajima、N.Uenishi、M.Fujiwara、T.Erata、M.Munekata、M.Takai：“醋酸杆菌 sp.NC11005 合成两种水溶性多糖”Macromol.Symp.120。

K.Tajima, M.Fujiwara, M.Takai and J.Hayashi: "Enhancement of Bacterial Cellulose Productivity by Water-Soluble Chitosan" Mokuzai Gakkaishi. 42(3). 279-288 (1996)

K.Tajima、M.Fujiwara、M.Takai 和 J.Hayashi：“水溶性壳聚糖增强细菌纤维素生产力”Mokuzai Gakkaishi。

K.Tajima, M.Fujiwara, M.Takai, J.Hayashi: "Synthesis of bacterial cellulose composite by Acetobacter xylinum I-Its mechanical strength and biodegradability-." Mokuzai Gakkaishi. 41. 749-757 (1995)

K.Tajima、M.Fujiwara、M.Takai、J.Hayashi：“木醋杆菌 I 合成细菌纤维素复合物 - 其机械强度和生物降解性 -”。

恵良田 知樹, 他: "天然セルロースの13C CP/MAS NMRスペクトルの完全帰属" Cellulose communications. 4(3). 128-131 (1997)

Tomoki Erada 等人：“天然纤维素的 13C CP/MAS NMR 谱的完整归属”纤维素通讯 4(3) (1997)。