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Study on Effects of Roughness Patterns on Turbulent Structure though Field Measurements

现场测量研究粗糙度模式对湍流结构的影响

基本信息

批准号：
03650418
负责人：
TSUJIMOTO Tetsuro
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03650418/
关键词：
Field Measurements Turbulent Structure Roughness Turbulence Model Flow with Vegetation Gravel-Bed Flow Transient Process Reynolds Stress 野外観測乱流開水路流流連分布

项目摘要

Because of recent wide purpose of river improvements, we should know more about the flow structure with various patterns of roughness. In fact, river improvement in mountain regions needs the knowledge on the flow with small relative submergence. For designing various types of structures in rivers, the flow must experience various patterns of spatial change of roughness, and thus the transient process of turbulent flow for spatial change of roughness should be studied. The river improvement with special respect with environments, the flow with vegetation should be accurately evaluated.In this research project, the approach based on theoretical analysis and fundamental experiments in laboratories was coupled with field measurements of turbulence. Recent development of anemometers and data-recording and processing system have made field measurements comparatively easy. We have developed the system of field measurements of turbulence with aid of electromagnetic anemometers, and carefully selected the measuring sites in rivers or irrigation canals. The flow with small relative submergence, hekicoidal fluid motion of flow over skew arrangement of strip roughness, the flow over vegetation, the flow with spatial change of bed roughness, the flow with vegetation zone in a cross section have been selected and the measurements in fields and in laboratories have been compared to confirm the similarity of the turbulent phenomena. With valuable data obtained in fields and laboratories, the effects of roughness patterns in open-channel flows have been investigated through data analyses and comparison of the data with laboratory data and the results of analytical or numerical approaches.

由于近年来河流治理的广泛目的，我们应该更多地了解各种粗糙度模式的水流结构。事实上，山区河流治理需要对相对淹没度较小的流量的认识。在河流中设计各种类型的结构时，水流必须经历各种粗糙度空间变化模式，因此需要研究湍流对粗糙度空间变化的瞬态过程。河流改善特别注重环境，应准确评估植被流量。在本研究项目中，基于理论分析和实验室基础实验的方法与湍流的现场测量相结合。风速计以及数据记录和处理系统的最新发展使得现场测量相对容易。我们开发了借助电磁风速计的湍流现场测量系统，并仔细选择了河流或灌溉渠中的测量地点。选取了相对浸没度较小的流动、条带粗糙度斜排列流动的螺旋流体运动、植被流动、床面粗糙度空间变化流动、横截面植被带流动，并与现场和实验室测量进行了比较，以证实湍流现象的相似性。利用在现场和实验室获得的宝贵数据，通过数据分析以及数据与实验室数据和分析或数值方法结果的比较，研究了明渠水流中粗糙度模式的影响。