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Study on Change in River Landscape in Alluvial Fun Rivers and Its Restoration

冲积乐趣河河流景观变化及其恢复研究

基本信息

批准号：
11650523
负责人：
TSUJIMOTO Tetsuro
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11650523/
关键词：
Alluvial fun river Degradation of riverbed Forestation in rivers River Landscape Evaluation method of habitat River restoration 河床低下河相変質伏流

项目摘要

The aim of the project is to establish the method to predict and evaluate the change in river landscape in alluvial fun rivers where both sediment supply and peak discharge of floods have been decreased due to dam constructions. First, several individual topics observed in the rivers have been investigated using field data, flume experiments and numerical simulations. Second, the synthesized processes including the response of trees in a river to the change of the geomorphology have been discussed in order to seek proper restoration method of the rivers. The results have been summarized as below :1. Comparison between two rivers -The Tedori River and The Abe RiverThe changes in geomorphology and vegetated area in the Tedori River and those in the Abe River have been compared using survey data and aerial photographs. The two rivers have almost same drainage area and bed-slope in an alluvial reach. The Tedori River has a large dam, but the Abe River does not. The results show that the de … More crease of the peak discharge in floods causes the thriving of vegetation in a channel.2. Processes of geomorphology and growth of vegetated areaThe following processes are investigated in detail.(1) Sediment transport process in a channel with vegetated area(2) Patterns of growing vegetation area concerned to ground water level and deposited bed-material(3) Flood damage and/or advantage on vegetationThese investigations have emphasized the importance of the interaction among vegetation, geomorphology and water regime.3. Modeling of vegetation dynamics due to decrease of peak discharge in floodsThe effect of the decrease of peak discharge in floods on the growth of vegetation has been modeled in order to evaluate the changing landscape due to dam constructions. The model has successfully predicted the thriving of vegetation in the Terori River, and it would be one of powerful tools to discuss the change in river landscape.4. Evaluation method of changing habitatThe IFIM/PHABSIM method has been modified by adding the idea for synthesis of several different life-stages of a fish species. The method has also been cooperated with sediment transport model in order to discuss the effects of the change in geomorphology and vegetation pattern on the habitat.5. Toward restorationThe environmentally sound and cost-effective methods for the restoration of the rivers have been discussed base on the results shown in the above. Less

该项目的目的是建立一种方法来预测和评估河流景观的变化，在冲积扇河流中，泥沙供应和洪水的峰值流量都减少，由于大坝的建设。首先，在河流中观察到的几个单独的主题进行了研究，使用现场数据，水槽实验和数值模拟。其次，探讨了河流中树木对地貌变化的响应等综合过程，以寻求河流的合理恢复方法。主要研究结果如下：1.铁取川与阿部川两条河流的比较利用调查数据和航空照片，对铁取川与阿部川的地貌和植被面积的变化进行了比较。两条河流在同一冲积河段具有相同的流域面积和床面比降。铁取川有一个大水坝，但阿部川没有。结果表明， ...更多信息洪峰流量的增加使河道内植被生长旺盛.地貌过程和植被生长过程详细研究了以下过程。(1)（2）植被面积的变化规律与地下水位和床沙的关系（3）洪水对植被的破坏和/或促进作用这些研究强调了植被、地貌和水情之间相互作用的重要性.洪水洪峰流量减少对植被生长的影响已被模拟，以评估由于大坝建设而引起的景观变化。该模型成功地预测了Terori河植被的繁盛，为探讨河流植被变化提供了有力的工具.改变栖息地的评估方法IFIM/PHABSIM方法已被修改，增加了几个不同的生活阶段的鱼类物种的综合的想法。该方法还与泥沙输运模型相结合，探讨了地貌和植被格局变化对生境的影响.在此基础上，探讨了环境友好型、经济有效的河流生态修复方法。少