Study on Traditional Pottery-making in Southeast Asia

我们对传统制陶技术和村落的社会经济结构进行了民族志田野调查。这项技术是由录像机和摄影技术记录下来的。在泰国和印度尼西亚学者的合作下，收集了制陶的传统习俗和词汇。我们在泰国的17个村庄和印尼的11个村庄进行了调查。在泰国南部，他们用三种不同的方法制作陶器，分别是用陶工的轮子、桨和铁锤技术、环状建筑技术。他们在圆柱形的窑炉里烘烤，炉子的火孔在身体的一侧是敞开的。女人制作陶器，男人拾柴火烤陶器。在泰国东北部，他们用传统方法制作陶器。传统的陶器，如烹饪锅和储水罐，都是用桨和砧子技术制作的。他们不使用任何轮子。脾气是这样做的。把粘土球和稻壳混合在一起烧，然后碾碎。它们有两种烧制方法，一种是小矩形窑烧成，另一种是无窑烧成。他们把木头堆成长方形的大地板。在印度尼西亚，他们用陶工的轮子制作陶器，然后用桨和铁锤技术成型，烘干陶器，用小白石打磨，有时用红粘土作画。他们不使用窑炉来烘焙它们。大量的花生或甘蔗茎被用作燃料。我们在阿奇苏门答腊岛的每个村庄都看到了一些不同的亚技术，例如在Ulee Tutue使用模具，在Desa Neus使用一种又小又方便的陶工轮子。这种情况与泰国东北部的情况形成了鲜明对比。

We carried ethnographical field study on the traditional pottery-making technology and the social and economic structures of the villages. The technology was recorded by VTR and photography. Traditional customs and vocabulary of pottery-making were collected with cooperation of Thai and Indonesia scholars.We researched at seventeen villages in Thai and at eleven villages in Indonesia.In south Thailand, they produce pottery by three different method, by using a potter's wheel, by paddle-and-anvil technique, by ring building technique. And they bake them in the kilns, which is cylindrical and its fire hole is open at the side of the body. Women form pottery and men collect firewood and bake the pottery.In northeast Thailand, they make pottery by traditional method. Traditional pottery such as cooking pots and water storage jars are made only by paddle-and-anvil technique. They do not use any wheels. The temper is made as follows. Clay balls mixed with rice husks are burnt, and then crushed. They are fired by two methods, by small rectangular kiln, and by no kiln. They make a large rectangular floor by piling the wood.In Indonesia, they make pottery by using a potter's wheel, and after forming by paddle-and-anvil technique, and after drying the pottery, they polish by small white stone, and sometime paint by red clay. They bake them by using no kiln. A huge amount of peanut or stems of sugarcane are used as fuel.We saw some different sub-technique at every villages in Ache Sumatera, for example by using mold at Ulee Tutue, by using a kind of small and handy potter's wheel at Desa Neus. This situation are contrast to one at northeast Thailand.