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Joint study on the long term variations of marine ecosystem

海洋生态系统长期变化联合研究

基本信息

批准号：
04045019
负责人：
AOKI Ichiro
金额：
$ 3.78万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04045019/
关键词：
Sardine Cod Marine Ecosystem Global Environment Marine Bacteria Biotechnology Carbon Circulation Microbial Decomposition

项目摘要

1.We have exchanged information and discussion on the long-term variability of marine ecosystems with U.S.and Canadian research groups including Prof.Rothschild of University of Maryland, based on respective researches. The studies by the Japanese scientists have shown changes in reproductive patterns of sardine, replacements of dominant fish species such as sardine and anchovy around Japan, and relationships between climatic and oceanographic conditions and long-term variations in plankton and sardine in the western North Pacific ocean. On the U.S.side, the U.S.GLOBEC program have been commenced studying on Georges Bank ecosystem in the North Atlantic. It emphasizes applications and developments of new techniques to observe and measure biological processes in situ, developments of monitoring methodology, and modelling. Japan seems to get behind U.S.in such technology. For the future study, we should introduce and develop new technology in conjunction with U.S.We recognized the signifi … More cance of studies on ecosystem dynamics in the seas adjacent to Japan where several pelagic fishes replace each other as dominant under oceanic conditions affected basically by both the Kuroshio and the Oyashio unlike the North Atlantic ocean.2.Application of neural networks in which Prof.Rothschild was also interested was examined for analysis and prediction of decadal change in sardine abundance, using two decadal data on climatic, oceanographic and zooplankton conditions. Predictability of sardine abundance from environmental condition was shown.3.OSSE (Observation System Simulation Experiments) -GLOBEC meeting was held at La Paz in Mexico. In this meeting, AMOS (Advanced Modeling and Observation Systems) study in GLOBEC International focused its study field on North Atlantic and Kuroshio extension. As case studies, modelling studies were conducted to investigate the effects of interaction between two warm-core rings on the phytoplankton distribution using a quasi-geostrophic reduced-gravity model and OGCM.4.Through the discussion and information exchange with scientists of the University of Maryland, both sides agreed to start appropriate cooperation projects in near future. The main purposes will be to clarify the turnover of high-molecular-weight organic compounds in the ocean, because this is important to understand the long-term change of marine environments. Considering the recent works at both sides, we begin with the research on the process at interface with special emphasis on the behavior and function of microbes on surfaces. Less

1.我们与美国和加拿大的研究小组，包括马里兰州大学的Rothschild教授，根据各自的研究，就海洋生态系统的长期变化进行了信息交流和讨论。日本科学家的研究表明，沙丁鱼的繁殖模式发生了变化，日本周围的优势鱼类如沙丁鱼和沙丁鱼的替代，以及气候和海洋条件与北太平洋西部浮游生物和沙丁鱼长期变化之间的关系。在美国方面，美国的GLOBEC计划已经开始对北大西洋乔治海岸生态系统进行研究。它强调新技术的应用和发展，以观察和测量生物过程的现场，监测方法的发展，和建模。日本似乎落后U.S.in这种技术。在今后的研究中，我们应与美国共同引进和开发新技术， ...更多信息与北大西洋海洋不同，在日本邻近海域，几种中上层鱼类在基本上受黑潮和亲潮影响的海洋条件下相互取代，成为优势鱼类。2.Rothschild教授也感兴趣的神经网络应用于分析和预测沙丁鱼丰度的年代际变化，使用气候，海洋学和浮游动物状况。3.在墨西哥的拉巴斯举行了观测系统模拟实验-全球生物多样性委员会会议。在这次会议上，GLOBEC国际的AMOS（高级模拟和观测系统）研究将其研究领域集中在北大西洋和黑潮延伸上。作为案例研究，利用准地转简化重力模式和海洋环流模式（OGCM）研究了两个暖心环之间的相互作用对浮游植物分布的影响。4.通过与马里兰州大学科学家的讨论和信息交流，双方同意在不久的将来开展适当的合作项目。主要目的是弄清海洋中高分子量有机化合物的周转情况，因为这对了解海洋环境的长期变化很重要。结合近年来国内外的研究成果，我们开始从界面过程的研究入手，重点研究了微生物在表面上的行为和功能。少