Genetical and biochemical analyzes of multiple functions in filamentous fungi

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Filamentous fungi represented by Aspergillus oryzae have been known to be important eukaryotic microorganisms in fermentation industries in Japan. It is also evident by applied microbiological researches that they have quite valuable and multiple functions to be exploited further in many fields. In this research project, we have studied for last three years multiple functions observed in many useful fungi from the genetical and biochemical points of view to find out novel their application procedure. This project comprise three topics : 1)genetical and biochemical analyzes of useful enzymes, 2)gene structures of useful enzymes and their utilization, 3)regulation of gene expression and enzyme secretion.1)genetical and biochemical analyzes of useful enzymes : amine oxydase found in Aspergillus niger, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in Mucor hiemalis, fatty acid synthetases participated in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in Mortierella alpina and carboxypeptidase in Absidia zychae have been characterized enzymologically in detail and some enzymes are cloned for thier genes.2)gene structures of useful enzymes and their application : alpha-glucosidase secreted from Aspergillus niger, microbial chymosin(Rhizomucor pusillus pepsin), cellulases from Aspergillus aculeatus and enzymes participated in the nitrogen metabolism are studied at molecular levels from various aspects.regulation of gene expression and enzyme secretion : chytin synthetases in Aspergillus nidulans and Rhizopus oligosporus have been characterised at DNA levels. Taka-amylase A genederived from Aspergillus oryzae has been characterized at the gene expression level using Aspergillus nidulans as an intermediate host.