AN OBSERVATION SYSTEM FOR ENERGY AND MATERIAL CYCLING IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS

森林生态系统能量和物质循环观测系统

• 批准号: 04556008
• 负责人: SAKUMA Toshio
• 金额: $ 6.72万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04556008/
• 关键词: Environment Measuring; Low Temperature Instrumentation Trouble; Forest Environment; Forest Soil Environment; Multiple TDR Moisture Meter; Soil EC-Meter; Micro-Climate Observation System; Data Transmission

An observation system, including solar battery aided DC power sources, data processor, logger, and transmission devices, was designed to observe micro-climate and soil items, such as solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, wind speed, soil temperature, soil water suction, volumetric soil water content and so on, in forested mountainous areas without any AC-source. Feasibility tests for the system was conducted from August 1992 to February 1994 at Nakanomine, Teshio (N.44。 59^-, E.142。 08^-, altitude 330m). Major devices, e.g.data processor, logger and transmission devices worked well even under very severe winter condition. However, the capability of the DC power source apparatus was strongly reduced by snow deposition upon solar battery pannels suring early winter. Frequent maintainance works at least 1/month was required to avoid erroneous works of the system due to shortage of DC power supply in winter.A TDR soil moisture meter was satisfactorily introduced to the system but it's low efficiency of electric power saving was some-what problematic. It was recommended that an exclusive DC-source for the TDR moisture meter must be provided to avoid erroneous works of the whole system. A small flow-type electric conductivity sensor was also developed for forest soils.

设计了一套由太阳能电池辅助直流电源、数据处理器、记录仪和传输装置组成的观测系统，用于在无交流电源的条件下对山地森林小气候和土壤进行观测，包括太阳辐射、气温、湿度、风速、土壤温度、土壤水吸力、土壤体积含水量等。1992年8月至1994年2月在Teshio的Nakanomine（N.44）进行了系统的可行性测试。59^-，E.142. 08^-，海拔330 m）。主要设备，e.g.data处理器，记录器和传输设备即使在非常恶劣的冬季条件下也能正常工作。然而，在初冬，积雪沉积在太阳能电池板上，大大降低了直流电源装置的能力。为避免冬季直流电源不足导致系统误工作，需每月至少进行1次的频繁维护工作。TDR土壤水分仪成功地应用于该系统，但存在节电效率低的问题。建议为TDR水分仪提供专用直流电源，以避免整个系统的错误工作。还研制了适用于森林土壤的小型流动式电导率传感器。