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Studies on the improvement in performance of nickel-metal hydride battery

镍氢电池性能提升的研究

基本信息

批准号：
05555172
负责人：
IWAKURA Chiaki
金额：
$ 3.07万
依托单位：
University of Osaka Prefecture
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05555172/
关键词：
Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery Hydrogen Storage Systems Pressure-Composition Isotherm High Energy Density Secondary Battery Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Hydrogen Diffusion Coefficient High-rate Charge-Discharge Characteristics ニッケル-水素化物電池希

项目摘要

For the purpose of improving the performance of negative electrode in a nickel-metal hydride battery, the effects of surface modification of alloys by electroless plating, electroplating, treatment with an alkaline solution containing a reducing agent and mixing of metal oxides and bulk-composition control of alloys by the partial substitution of foreign metals for constituent metals and the deviation of alloy composition from stoichiometric ratio such as AB_2 and AB_5 on the electrochemical characteristics of hydrogen storage alloys were investigated. The information obtained from this work can be summarized as follows.1. Electrochemical characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloys was improved by substituting foreign metals for a part of constituent metals and deviating alloy composition from stoichiometric ratio such as AB_5 and AB_2.2. Catalytic activity for hydrogen electrode reaction and high-rate chargeability increased by modifying various metals and metal oxides on the surface of the rare earth hydrogen storage alloys.3. Surface modification of the Laves-phase hydrogen storage alloys by a reducing agent resulted in easier initial activation and the increase in the high-rate dischargeability.4. Diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloys evaluated from the potential step method increased by substituting foreign metals having smaller atomic radius for constituent metals.5. Additional deviations of the alloy composition from the stoichiometric ratio lead to the decrease in activation energy for the hydrogen diffusion in the hydrogen storage alloys and the increase in discharge efficiency.Thus, several guidelines of designing the hydrogen storage alloys and developing the negative electrodes for high performance secondary batteries could be proposed.

为了提高镍氢电池负极的性能，研究了化学镀、电镀、化学镀等方法对合金表面改性的效果，用含有还原剂的碱性溶液处理，混合金属氧化物，通过用外来金属部分取代组成金属来控制合金的本体组成，并使合金组成偏离化学计量比，如AB_2和AB_5对贮氢合金电化学性能的影响。从这项工作中获得的信息可以总结如下。通过用杂质金属取代部分合金成分，并使合金成分偏离化学计量比（AB_5和AB_2.2），改善了贮氢合金的电化学性能。通过对稀土贮氢合金表面的各种金属和金属氧化物进行改性，提高了其对氢电极反应的催化活性和高倍率充电性能.采用还原剂对Laves相贮氢合金进行表面改性，有利于贮氢合金的初始活化，提高了贮氢合金的高倍率放电性能.用原子半径较小的杂质金属代替合金中的组分金属，可以提高氢在储氢合金中的扩散系数.合金成分偏离化学计量比会降低贮氢合金中氢的扩散活化能，提高放电效率，从而为贮氢合金的设计和高性能二次电池负极的开发提供指导。