The Genetic Structure of Salmonid Populations

鲑鱼种群的遗传结构

• 批准号: 05041103
• 负责人: IDA Hitoshi
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: Kitasato University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05041103/
• 关键词: MHC gene; Lectin; mtDNA; Allozyme; Salmonid; Stock identification; pink salmon; chum salmon

In northern part of Japan, salmonid fish have commercial importance, and there are much effort of enhancement of salmonid populations. To maintain these populations in both economical and biological sense, management of salmonid populations is required. To achieve management goal development of stock identification methods is urgent task. In this project we investigated MHC gene, allozyme, and morphometrics and lectin of salmonid fish.1.MHC gene analysis We cloned MHC class1 gene using PCR method. Only alpha-1 domain was amplified for both chum and pink salmon.For pink salmon it is known that they have strict two year life cycle and genetic difference among year classes is greater than among populations within year from allozyme study. In this project we revealed amino sequence and also DNA size of MHC class alpha-1 domain differs between even and odd year samples of pink salmon from Hokkaido. In Alaskan sample these two different types of DNA sequence exist in single individual.Though it is necessary to validate based on large number of samples, we could identify the origin of fish for samples we analyzed based on MHC classl alpha-1 domain sequences.For chum salmon variations both within and between individuals are observed.2.Lectin L-Rhamnose was the most effective inhibitor of rainbow trout, chum, pink, sockeye, chinook salmon ova lectin. For chum salmon and rainbow trout lectin was purified by L-Rhamnose column. Amino acid sequences of these two species were determined and found identical except for a few undetermined amino acids.3.Allozyme study was also conducted as reference to MHC gene analysis. Amplification of mtDNA of chum salmon was successful using primer sets designed for coho salmon.4.Meristic Characters Meristic counts of several characters showed significant difference between Alaskan and Iwata population of pink salmon.

在日本的北方地区，鲑科鱼类具有重要的商业价值，人们一直在努力增加鲑科鱼类的数量。为了在经济和生物学意义上维持这些种群，需要对鲑鱼种群进行管理。为实现管理目标，发展存货识别方法是当务之急.本研究对鲑科鱼类的MHC基因、等位酶、形态计量学和凝集素进行了研究。1. MHC基因分析利用PCR方法克隆了鲑科鱼类MHC class 1基因。等位酶分析表明，粉鲑具有严格的2年生活史，年级间的遗传差异大于年内种群间的遗传差异。在这个项目中，我们揭示了氨基酸序列和MHC类α-1结构域的DNA大小的差异，偶数和奇数年的粉红鲑鱼样品从北海道。在阿拉斯加样本中，这两种不同类型的DNA序列存在于单个个体中，虽然需要基于大量样本进行验证，但我们可以根据MHC class 1 α-1结构域序列来鉴定我们分析的样本的鱼类来源。奇努克鲑鱼卵凝集素。用L-鼠李糖柱纯化鲑鱼和虹鳟鱼凝集素。氨基酸序列测定表明，两种鸡的氨基酸序列除少数氨基酸未确定外，其余氨基酸序列完全相同。结果表明：1.用设计的银鲑mtDNA引物成功扩增了银鲑mtDNA。4.单体性状阿拉斯加粉鲑和岩田粉鲑群体的单体数差异显著。