A comparative Mineralogy of airborne dusts in Korea and Japan

韩国和日本空气中粉尘的矿物学比较

• 批准号: 05044209
• 负责人: TAZAKI Kazue
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Kanazawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey.
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05044209/
• 关键词: Japan; Korea; airborne dusts; acid rain; atomospheric pollution; NO_2; sulfur oxide; SEM

A co-research was conducted between Japan and Korea to investigate the origin of acid rain and global green house effect caused by atmospheric pollution. Emphases were placed on the characteristics of polluted atmospheric dust and long range transport of air dust by northwest winter monsoon. Air dust samples and acid deposits were collected from Seoul city, Korea and Kanazawa city, Japan to make comparable investigation and to evaluate the atmospheric pollution between two cities.Measurement of NO_2 and analysis by SEM with EDAX were carried out to survey the concentration of NO_2 and the characteristics of air dust and acid deposits both in two cities. NO_2 concentration over Seoul city ranges from 0.0285 ppm to 0.0845 ppm, suggesting a highly polluted air over Seoul city, which may be mainly caused by waste gases drainaged by automobiles. The result by SEM with EDAX analysis shows that air dust collected from Seoul area are composed of, not only soil particles such as clay minerals, … More but also considerable quantity of particles containing sulfuric materials and heavy metals such as Mn, suggesting a presence of anthropogenic polluted sources. Particularly, much porous spherical dust containing S and Ca were observed with SEM which are considered as residual materials from combustion of fossil fuel. Acid deposits (hails) collected from Kanazawa also show considerable amounts of small spherical dust containing S and Ca as main compositions. From spherical morphology of the particles different completely from normally occurred long columnar and needle crystals with an origin of volcanic eruption, we can infer that these spherical particles containing S and Ca may have an anthropogenic origin caused mainly by industrial activities. Above acid particles with sulfur of sulfate are easy to be condensed as colud nuclei, which is one of the origin resulting in acid rain. It is necessary to consider the global cycles and transport of anthropogenic air pollution and to investigate the pollution sources in wider area. Less

日本和韩国共同研究了酸雨的起源和大气污染引起的全球温室效应。重点分析了西北冬季风对大气扬尘的污染特征和扬尘的长距离输送。在韩国首尔市和日本金泽市收集了空气粉尘和酸性沉积物样本，进行了比较调查，并对两个城市的大气污染进行了评价。对两个城市进行了NO_2测定和电子能谱扫描电镜（SEM）分析，了解了两个城市的NO_2浓度以及空气粉尘和酸性沉积物的特征。汉城上空的二氧化氮浓度为0.0285 ~ 0.0845 ppm，表明汉城上空的空气污染程度较高，主要是由汽车排放的废气造成的。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和电子能谱（EDAX）分析结果表明，首尔地区的空气粉尘中不仅含有粘土矿物等土壤颗粒，而且含有相当数量的含硫物质和锰等重金属的颗粒，表明存在人为污染源。特别地，用扫描电镜观察到含有S和Ca的多孔球形粉尘，认为它们是化石燃料燃烧的残余物质。从金泽收集的酸沉积物（冰雹）也显示出大量的小球形尘埃，主要成分是S和Ca。从颗粒的球形形态来看，与火山喷发形成的长柱状和针状晶体完全不同，我们可以推断这些含S和Ca的球形颗粒可能主要是由工业活动引起的人为起源。以上含硫硫酸盐酸性颗粒容易凝结成冷核，是酸雨形成的原因之一。有必要考虑人为空气污染的全球循环和运输，并在更广泛的范围内调查污染源。少

项目成果

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