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NON-DESTRUCTIVE CELLULAR MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF NITROGEN METABOLISMS FOR HIGHER PLANTS SUBJECTED TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES

遭受环境胁迫的高等植物氮代谢的非破坏性细胞测量和分析

基本信息

批准号：
05404009
负责人：
NONAMI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 21.95万
依托单位：
EHIME UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

When plants are subjected to environmental stresses, it is known that nitrogen metabolisms are modified in plants. However, detailed mechanisms for modification in nitrogen metabolisms are not known in plants subjected to environmental stresses, and thus physiological mechanisms for stress adaptation were studied in the present study by using non-destructive measurements in the cellular level.When the water status of single cells in the growing soybean seedings was measured, it was found that a water potential field associated with cell growth existed in the zone of elongation. When growth was disturbed either by applying environmental stresses or excision, the water potential field associated with cell growth was collapsed, and thus, it became apparent that non-destructive cellular measurements should be used to study stress response under environmental stresses in intact plants.In order to check the nitrogen metabolism related to differentiation, tissue culture of carrot cells was us … More ed. When the concentration of ammonium ions was kept relatively high in the tissue culture medium, non-embryogenic callus was induced. When the concentration of nitrate was increased and that of ammonium ions was decreased, embryogenic callus was differentiated. When differences in protein synthesis between non-embryogenic callus and embryogenic callus were analyzed, streptavidin-binding proteins were found in embryogenic callus and not found in non-embryogenic callus. When embryogenesis in carrot cells proceeded, quantitative differences in cytoskeleton proteins, i.e., actin, a-and b-tubulins were observed. When blossom-end rot occurs in tomato fruits, it is known that cell wall components and cytoskeleton components are degraded in cells od fruits.Immediately after blossom-end rot appeared in tomato fruits, cytoskeleton components were analyzed. Streptavidin-binding proteins began to disappear before cytoskeleton components disintegrated in fruits. From these findings, newly found streptavidin-binding proteins seem to be related to formation and maintenance of cytoskeleton components in cells under environmental stresses. Less

当植物受到环境胁迫时，已知植物中的氮代谢被改变。然而，在受到环境胁迫的植物中，氮代谢改变的详细机制尚不清楚，因此本研究通过在细胞水平上使用非破坏性测量来研究胁迫适应的生理机制。发现在伸长区存在与细胞生长相关的水势场。以胡萝卜细胞为材料，采用组织培养的方法，研究了胡萝卜细胞在环境胁迫下的氮代谢变化，并对胡萝卜细胞在环境胁迫下的氮代谢变化进行了研究。 ...更多信息当培养基中铵离子浓度保持较高时，诱导出非胚性愈伤组织。随着硝酸盐浓度的增加和铵离子浓度的降低，胚性愈伤组织分化。当分析非胚性愈伤组织和胚性愈伤组织之间蛋白质合成的差异时，在胚性愈伤组织中发现了链霉亲和素结合蛋白，而在非胚性愈伤组织中没有发现。当胡萝卜细胞中的胚胎发生进行时，细胞骨架蛋白质，即，观察到肌动蛋白、a-微管蛋白和b-微管蛋白。番茄果实发生花端腐病时，果实细胞壁成分和细胞骨架成分均发生降解，在番茄果实发生花端腐病后，对细胞骨架成分进行了分析。在果实中，链霉亲和素结合蛋白在细胞骨架成分解体之前就开始消失。根据这些发现，新发现的链霉亲和素结合蛋白似乎与环境胁迫下细胞中细胞骨架成分的形成和维持有关。少