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PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AND CONTROL OF PLANT TISSUE CULTURE AND SEEDLING CULTURE SYSTEMS FOR PLANT GROWTH FACTORIES.

植物生长工厂的植物组织培养和育苗系统的生理测量技术和控制。

基本信息

批准号：
02660261
负责人：
NONAMI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
EHIME UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Plant growth factories will be the next generation agricultural cultivation system in which plant seedlings will be grown efficiently by using advanced industrialized techniques. In order to operate such a plant growth factory, it is essential to monitor physiological conditions of plants grown in the plant growth factory. In the present project, mechanisms of physiological control for plant growth were studied to select physiological parameters which were useful to monitor physiological conditions of plants grown in the plant growth factories. Plant seedlings were grown from seeds or tissue-cultured plantlets. When cell expansion rates were measured in plantlets grown under tissue-cultured conditions or seedlings grown in hydroponic culture, cell expansion rates were proportional to the size of the water potential gradient between expanding cells and the water source. The water potential gradient associated with growth is called the growth-induced water potential. Although growth could be inhibited by low temperature,high temperature,high concentrations of salt,deficiency of nutrients,rates of cell expansion under such conditions were related to the size of the growth-induced water potential. This indicates that the growth-induced water potential could be used as a physiological parameter to estimate growth rates of plants grown in plant growth factories. However, measurements of the size of the growth-induced water potential cannot be made practically without damaging plants grown in plant growth factories. When growth rates could be monitored by image analysis and concentrations of culture media could be measured, the growth-induced water potential could be estimated by using the artificial intelligence computer which could contain physiological information in its memory in advance.

植物生长工厂将是下一代农业栽培系统，它将利用先进的工业化技术高效地培育植物幼苗。为了运营这样的植物生长工厂，监测植物生长工厂中生长的植物的生理状况是必不可少的。本课题对植物生长的生理调控机制进行了研究，以期选择对植物生长工厂中生长的植物的生理状况进行监测的生理参数。植物幼苗是从种子或组织培养的小植株中生长出来的。当测量在组织培养条件下生长的植株或在水培条件下生长的幼苗的细胞扩张率时，细胞扩张率与扩张细胞与水源之间的水势梯度的大小成正比。与生长相关的水势梯度称为生长诱导水势。尽管低温、高温、高浓度盐、营养物质缺乏都会抑制细胞的生长，但在这些条件下细胞的膨胀率与生长诱导水势的大小有关。这表明，生长诱导水势可以作为植物生长工厂中植物生长速率的一个生理参数。然而，在不损害植物生长工厂生长的植物的情况下，测量生长诱导水势的大小实际上是不可能的。当可以通过图像分析监测生长速度和测量培养基浓度时，可以使用预先存储有生理信息的人工智能计算机来估计生长诱导水势。