Assessment of Urban Air Pollution in Siberian Wetland

1993年8月在西伯利亚的雅库茨克、提克西和诺里尔斯克等地测量了大气中直径小于2 μ m的气溶胶化学组分（大气细颗粒物）和气态SO_2、HNO_3和HCl的浓度。本文还对哈巴罗夫斯克、雅库茨克和诺里尔斯克夏季大气中SO_2和NO_2的浓度进行了测定，雅库茨克的大气细颗粒物主要由元素碳和有机物组成，其浓度与札幌相同。提克西的大气细颗粒物浓度是雅库茨克的十分之一。细颗粒物主要由有机物和硫酸盐组成。在诺里尔斯克，元素碳、有机物和硫酸盐占细颗粒物的大部分，其浓度与札幌相同。SO_2和NO_2浓度在哈巴罗夫斯克和雅库茨克夏季较低。而在诺里尔斯克，虽然NO_2浓度较低，但夏季SO_2浓度却极高。

We have measured atmospheric concentrations of aerosol chemical species less than 2mum in diameter (atmospheric fine particles) and gaseous SO_2, HNO_3 and HC1 from August 1993 at Yakutsk, Tiksi and Norilsk in Siberia. We also measured atmospheric concentration of SO_2 and NO_2 in summer at Habarovsk, Yakutsk and Norilsk.At Yakutsk most of the fine particles consisted of elemental carbon and organics whose concentrations were the same as those in Sapporo. At Tiksi the atmospheric fine particle concentration was one-tenth of those at Yakutsk. Most of the fine particles consisted of organics and sulfate. At Norilsk elemental carbon, organics and sulfate accounted for most of the fine particles whose concentration was the same as in Sapporo. The sulfate particle concentration, in particular, increased in spring and summer.Atmospheric summer concentrations of SO_2 and NO_2 were low at Habarovsk and Yakutsk. But, in Norilsk, though NO_2 concentration was low, the concentration of SO_2 was extremely high in summer.We evaluate the effects of atmospheric pollutants on the Arctic environment.