Research on Air Pollution and Evaluation of the Environmental Effects in Siberian Wetland.

自1994年以来，在西伯利亚雅库茨克、提克西和诺里尔斯克等地观测了大气气溶胶化学组分和气态污染物二氧化硫、一氧化氮和二氧化氮的浓度。结果表明，北极灰霾也发生在Tiksi地区，其中诺里尔斯克的大气二氧化硫浓度高达260 ppbv，是札幌的10倍。诺里尔斯克周围的松树叶、苔藓和表层土壤中含有大量的硫酸盐和铜、镍、钴、铅等重金属，这些重金属来源于诺里尔斯克市的镍铜冶炼厂。表层土壤（活性层）的硫酸盐和重金属含量较高。利用土壤中污染物浓度的垂直剖面图，计算了诺里尔斯克冶炼厂30年来排放的污染物累积量，10天后向轨迹分析表明，冬季有大量的大气污染物从乌拉尔工业区和诺里尔斯克地区输送到季克西。

Atmospheric concentrations of aerosol chemical species and gaseous pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide have been measured at Yakutsk, Tiksi and Norilsk in Siberia since 1994.At Tiksi concentrations of elemental carbon, organic matter, sulfate and heavy metals as lead, copper, vanadium, nickel and arsenic increase in winter and spring. The results show occurance of the arctic haze also around Tiksi area.At Norilsk, atmospheric concentration of sulfur dioxide is high as 260 ppbv, which is ten times more than that in Sapporo. Pine leaves, moss and surface soil around Norilsk contain much amount of sulfate and heavy metals as copper, nickel, cobalt and lead, which are derived from the nickel and copper smeltery in Norilsk city. The upper layer in the surface soil (active layer) contains higher concentrations of sulfate and heavy metals. By using the vertical profile of the pollutant concentration in soil, we calculated accumulation of the pollutants for these 30 years emitted from the smeltry in Norilsk city.Ten days backward trajectory analysis shows that a large amount of air pollutants is transported from Ural industry and Norilsk area to Tiksi in winter.