Research of Contaminated Aerosol Distribution by Artificial Satellite and Evaluation of the Aerosol Effect on Climate in the East Asia

由于太阳辐射的散射和吸收，大气气溶胶对气候产生影响。在东亚，由于最近的工业发展，对气候影响的估计意义重大。为了进行评估，我们需要气溶胶的光学厚度和光学性质(散射系数和吸收系数)的分布。利用人造卫星测量的辐射度分析来确定光学深度分布是有效的，但光学特性是分析所必需的。在这项研究中，我们测量了长崎县福冈岛春季和夏季大气气溶胶的光学性质。气溶胶的单次散射反照率(散射系数/(散射系数吸收系数))夏季为0.8~0.9，春季为0.9~0.99。积分球法测得的吸收系数与PSAP法测得的吸收系数高度相关。此外，如果利用气溶胶的化学特征来确定光学性质，则通过人造卫星分析来确定光学厚度的分布是可行的。我们在化学分析的基础上制作了气溶胶模型。将模型计算结果与实测值进行比较，得出最优气溶胶模型由内部混合体和几何数平均直径为0.0 5~0.0 7μm的对数正态分布函数组成。

Atmospheric aerosols affect on climate due to scattering and absorption of solar radiation. In the East Asia, estimation of the climatic effect is significant because of recent industrial development. For the evaluation, we need the distribution of optical depth and optical properties (scattering and absorption coefficients) of aerosols. It is effective for determination of the optical depth distribution by using radiance analysis measured by artificial satellite, though the optical properties are necessary to the analysis. In the research we thus made measurement of the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols at Fukue island, Nagasaki prefecture in spring and summer. Single scattering albedo (scattering coefficient / (scattering coefficient + absorption coefficient)) of aerosols were 0.8〜0.9 and 0.9〜0.99 in summer and spring, respectively. Absorption coefficient measured by integrated sphere method had highly correlation with those by PSAP method. It is, further, practicable to determine the distribution of optical depth by artificial satellite analysis, if we assign the optical properties by using chemical characterization of aerosols. We made aerosol models based on the chemical analysis. Comparing the model calculation with the measured results, we concluded that the optimum aerosol model are made up of internal mixture and geometric number mean diameter of 0.05〜0.07μm in lognormal size distribution function.