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Red Tides and Their Environmental Impacts in WESTPAC Area

西太平洋地区赤潮及其环境影响

基本信息

批准号：
06041031
负责人：
FUKUYO Yasuwo
金额：
$ 9.34万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041031/
关键词：
Red Tide Toxic Plankton Toxic Dinoflagellate Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Guatemala Indonesia Thailand Malaysia Philippines 東南アジア

项目摘要

Cooperative field surveys on distribution of harmful plankton, fish and shell-fish and occurrence of poisoning were conducted to clarify the blooming and expansion mechanisms of the harmful plankton in Guatemala and Asian countries. In July 1995, a scientific meeting was held with scientists of these countries to develop and standardize technique.At Puerto Quezales of the Pacific coast of Guatemala, a dense bloom of the harmful dinoflagellate, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, was found. Plankton and cyst of the toxic strain of Pyrodnium bahamense were found in the Pacific coast, whereas those of possibly non-toxic strain in the Atlantic coast. They differ in their shape, but physiologically similar in growing slowly in enriched sea-water medium, requiring soil-extract.In eastern Indonesia, P.bahamense was found to make blooms at Kao Bay of Halmahera Island and Ambon Bay of Ambon Island. Resting cysts of the species were detected in both bays. The bays were near to Papua New Guinea, where P.bahamense bloomed for the first time in Asian waters. The finding of the species in the eastern Indonesia is important to clarify spreading route of the species, and continuous survey in wider area is thought to be necessary. In western Indonesia P.bahamense was found in Jakarta Bay and Bangka Island.At shrimp ponds in Indonesia and Thailand, the toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium minutum, was found to bloom and kill shrimps. But mechanism of the mass mortality has not been clarified yet.Along Malaysian coast of Malacca Strait, two toxic dinoflagellates, Gymnodinium catenatum and Alexandrium tamiy av anichii bloomed and might cause PSP poisoning occurred in 1993.In Philippijnes P.bahamense recurred for more than ten years with PSP cases of more than 2000 patients including 170 fatal ones. Accumulation of DSP toxin produced by Dinophysis in shellfish was confirmed for the first time in tropical countries.

对有害浮游生物、鱼类和贝类的分布和中毒发生情况进行了合作实地调查，以澄清危地马拉和亚洲国家有害浮游生物的大量繁殖和扩展机制。1995年7月，与这些国家的科学家举行了一次科学会议，以发展和标准化技术，在危地马拉太平洋海岸的Puerto Quezales，发现了有害的甲藻-Coalodinium polykrikoides-的密集繁殖，在太平洋海岸发现了Pyrodenbahamense有毒菌株的浮游生物和包囊，而在大西洋海岸发现了可能无毒的菌株。它们的形态不同，但在生理学上相似，都能在富含海水的介质中缓慢生长，需要土壤提取物。在印度尼西亚东部，在哈马黑拉岛的高湾和安汶岛的安汶湾发现了巴哈姆斯（P.bahamense）的水华。在这两个海湾都发现了该物种的休眠包囊。这些海湾靠近巴布亚新几内亚，那里的巴哈马首次在亚洲沃茨开花。该种在印尼东部的发现对阐明该种的传播途径具有重要意义，并认为有必要在更大范围内进行持续调查。在印度尼西亚西部的雅加达湾和邦加岛发现了巴哈马甲藻。在印度尼西亚和泰国的虾塘，发现了有毒的甲藻，微小亚历山大藻，它会开花并杀死虾。1993年沿着马来西亚马六甲海峡沿岸发生了两种可能引起PSP中毒的甲藻--链状裸甲藻（Gymatelinium catenatum）和塔米亚甲藻（Alexandium tamiy av anichii）。在热带国家首次证实了甲藻产生的DSP毒素在贝类中的积累。