Study on the mechanisms of blooming and geographical expansion of toxic dinoflagellates in Southeast Asian waters

通过与菲律宾和越南等东南亚国家的科学家建立网络，获得了各种研究成果。引起东南亚赤潮的物种是夜光藻和Bahamenes，后者也被称为PSP毒素产生者。除它们外，金龟子、微小原甲藻和多壳珊瑚也变得普遍存在。野生和养殖鱼类的大量死亡是由于它们的开花造成的。系统发育分析表明，这些新开花的物种与温带地区的物种具有相同的特征。区分有毒物种赤潮和有害物种赤潮对水产资源的影响，而不是对人类的影响，对于管理海产品的可持续发展具有重要意义。在鱼类和贝类中造成毒素污染的微藻除了广泛繁殖的巴氏吡喃藻外，还有几个物种，如链状裸藻和亚历克斯…最近，在不同的地点发现了更多的雄蕊属贝类毒素产生者。在这些新发现的物种开花的同一地区和时间发现了毒素污染和中毒。在东南亚水域也发现了几种被称为腹泻性贝类毒素产生者，如尾藻，但它们的毒素生产能力无法得到证实。对采自越南和菲律宾近海的遗忘型贝类毒素产生菌Nitzschia navis-varingica的产毒能力进行了分析，大部分结果为阳性。在初步调查中发现，该物种在亚洲水域的分布相当广泛。未来研究方向最近开发和发明了检测各种类型毒素的酶联免疫吸附试验试剂盒。使用试剂盒，一名科学家可以同时分析某些生物体的生物和化学性质。这种情况使得检测毒素产生者变得容易得多。较少

Various research results were obtained through the establishment of a network with scientists of Southeast Asian countries such the Philippines and Vietnam.1. Expansion of blooming area of red tide speciesRed tide causative species in Southeast Asia are Noctiluca scintillans and Pyrodinium bahamense, which is known as PSP toxin producer too. In addition to them Ceratium furca, Prorocentrum minimum and Cochlodinium polykrikoides became common widely. Mass mortality of wild and culture fish occurred due to their blooming. Phylogentical analysis showed that these newly bloomed species have same characters as those occurring in temperate area. Differentiation of red tide by a toxic species from those by a harmful species to aquatic resources, but not to people, became important for management of seafood sustainability.2. Microalgae causing toxin contamination in fish and shellfishIn addition to Pyrodinium bahamense that bloomed widely, several species such as Gymnodinium catenatum and Alex … More andrium minutum have been detected as paralytic shellfish toxin producers recently at various locations. Toxin contamination and poisoning are found at the same area and time of the blooming of these newly found species. Several species of Dinophysis, known as diarrhetic shellfish toxin producer, such as D. caudata are found also in Southeast Asian waters, but their toxin productivity could not be confirmed. Nitzschia navis-varingica, amnesic shellfish toxin producer, collected in Vietnamese and Philippine coast waters, were analyzed on their toxin productivity, and most of them showed positive results. In the preliminary survey distribution of the species was found quite wide in Asian waters.3. Future research directionELISA kits for detection of various types of toxins have been developed and invented recently. Using the kits it became possible for one scientist to analyze biological and chemical property of certain organism simultaneously. This situation makes detection of toxin producer much easier. Less