Structure and function of cytoskeleton in plant cells.

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1)Cell cycle and cytoskeleton : Protein complex pufied from plasma membrane of tobacco BY-2 cell was found to have capacity to synthesize cellulose microfibril. Dynanics of kinesin-like protein was analyzed during cell cycle of tissure cultued cell. Mechanism of organization of preprophase band of microtubules was studied. 2) Cell Growth and cytoskeleton : Strong contribution of plasma membrane and cell wall to organization of cortical microtubules was found in coenocytic algae. Role of cytoskeletons in positioning of nucleus was elucidated in protonemal cells of fern. 3) Cytoplasmic streaming : Myosin was analyzed and characterized in lily pollen tubes. Close corelation between cytoplasmic free calcium and cytoplasmic streaming was found. Important role of cell wall in organization of microfilaments was found in Vallisneria. Actin binding protein regulated by ATP was purified from Physarum. Calium wave supposed to regulate cytoplasmic streaming was found in Physarum. 4) Flagellar movement : Involvement of a third factor for organization of outer arm of flagella was found. It was found that ammonium ion control nature of phototaxis im Euglena.